A case report of pegcetacoplan use for a pregnant woman with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Abstract

Background

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), a rare hematologic disease, is associated with high maternal and fetal mortality rates. Only 1 medication approved for PNH, the complement component 5 inhibitor eculizumab, has published evidence of use during pregnancy.

Key Clinical Question

What were the circumstances and outcomes of the first use of pegcetacoplan, a complement component 3 inhibitor, by a pregnant woman with PNH?

Clinical Approach

The patient, with a history of 2 miscarriages and a suboptimal response to eculizumab, had hematologic improvement after switching to pegcetacoplan. She continued pegcetacoplan throughout her pregnancy. At gestational week 30, she developed abruptio placentae and breakthrough hemolysis. She delivered a normal-appearing male infant via emergency cesarean section. The breakthrough hemolysis resolved quickly with short-term intensive pegcetacoplan dosing and add-on eculizumab. To date, her laboratory values remain normal, and she has had no thromboembolic events; her son has not demonstrated growth defects.

Conclusion

This is the first report of pegcetacoplan treatment for PNH throughout pregnancy. The mother recovered promptly from breakthrough hemolysis that prompted an emergency delivery. Her son, who was born prematurely but healthy, has developed normally.