Prevention of diabetes from prediabetes in real world setting in South India

Abstract

Aim

The aim was to explore the effect of lifestyle modification in a real world situation to prevent the progression to diabetes in India.

Methods

Participants who underwent OGTT from August 2017–2022 and were diagnosed as having Prediabetes (n = 200) were assigned into control (group1, n = 100) received standard care and intervention (group2, n = 100) received intensive counseling on physical activity (PA) and diet. PA included walking for 150 min/week and personalized advice based on the profession. OGTTs were repeated once every 6 months for 5 years and primary outcome was development of DM.

Results

The conversion rate was significantly higher in the control group than the intervention group (44.6 vs.7.9 %, p < 0.0001). Individuals who reverted back to normal was significantly higher in Group2 compared to Group1 (34.9 vs.6.2 %; p < 0.001). A significant increase in weight, BMI and waist circumference in group1 and significant reduction in glucose and HbA1c was noted in group2. Mean (95%CI) survival time for Group1 was 25.4 (20.8–29.9) and Group2 was 36.4months (32.6–40.1; p < 0.001). The factors which influenced the conversion of prediabetes to DM were averaged BMI, fasting and 2hr glucose levels of all follow up visit measurements.

Conclusion

We can prevent diabetes in individuals with prediabetes using real world strategies in India.