Treatment of allograft’ ureteral stones with percutaneous laser lithotripsy in a patient post-kidney-transplant: A case report

Abstract

Introduction

Urolithiasis in transplanted kidneys is a rare complication. The management of urolithiasis in transplant patients is similar to that in the general population.

Case presentation

A 51-year-old man with end-stage renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy underwent ABO-compatible living-donor kidney transplantation using his younger sister as a donor. The postoperative clinical course was uneventful and the function of the transplanted kidney was excellent during follow-up. In late May 2022, the patient visited our institution with fever, malaise, and oliguria. The function of the transplanted kidney had decreased, with a serum creatinine level of 6.39 mg/dL. Computed tomography demonstrated allograft hydronephrosis and allograft distal ureteral stone. The patient was diagnosed with acute renal failure due to allograft distal ureteral calculi. Moreover, calculous pyelonephritis was also observed. A percutaneous allograft nephrostomy was performed followed by a percutaneous ureteral lithotripsy in early June 2022. The patient underwent an antegrade disposable flexible ureteroscopy, holmium laser lithotripsy, and basket extraction. All stone fragments were surgically removed. After the successful treatment, the allograft kidneys functioned well.

Conclusion

Percutaneous laser lithotripsy was successfully performed without complications.