Caffeine induces alveolar bone loss in rats submitted to orthodontic movement via activation of receptor activator of nuclear factor ҡB, receptor activator of nuclear factor ҡB ligand, and osteoprotegerin pathway
{"title":"Caffeine induces alveolar bone loss in rats submitted to orthodontic movement via activation of receptor activator of nuclear factor ҡB, receptor activator of nuclear factor ҡB ligand, and osteoprotegerin pathway","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.04.009","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Caffeine is a widely consumed substance with several effects on bone metabolism<span><span>. This study aimed to investigate the effect of caffeine on the bone tissue of rats submitted to </span>orthodontic movement.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Twenty-five male Wistar rats<span> underwent orthodontic movement (21 days) of the first permanent maxillary molars on the left side. The experimental group (caffeine; n = 13) and control group (n = 12) received caffeine and water, respectively, by gavage. Microcomputed tomography was performed to analyze orthodontic movement. Histologic analysis of the </span></span>inflammatory infiltrate<span><span><span> and osteoclast count by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase were conducted. </span>Maxilla tissue was evaluated for receptor activator of nuclear factor ҡB (RANK), </span>RANK ligand<span> (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin<span> by immunohistochemistry.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Caffeine exhibited a lower bone volume/tissue volume ratio (78.09% ± 5.83%) than the control (86.84% ± 4.89%; <em>P</em> <0.05). Inflammatory infiltrate was increased in the caffeine group compared with the control group (<em>P</em> <0.05). A higher number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells was observed in the caffeine (9.67 ± 1.73) than in the control group (2.66 ± 0.76; <em>P</em> <0.01). Immunoexpression of RANK and RANKL in the caffeine group was greater than the control (<em>P</em> <0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The use of caffeine thermogenic induces alveolar bone loss<span><span> in rats submitted to orthodontic movement via activation of RANK, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin </span>signaling pathways.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889540624001471","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction
Caffeine is a widely consumed substance with several effects on bone metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effect of caffeine on the bone tissue of rats submitted to orthodontic movement.
Methods
Twenty-five male Wistar rats underwent orthodontic movement (21 days) of the first permanent maxillary molars on the left side. The experimental group (caffeine; n = 13) and control group (n = 12) received caffeine and water, respectively, by gavage. Microcomputed tomography was performed to analyze orthodontic movement. Histologic analysis of the inflammatory infiltrate and osteoclast count by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase were conducted. Maxilla tissue was evaluated for receptor activator of nuclear factor ҡB (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin by immunohistochemistry.
Results
Caffeine exhibited a lower bone volume/tissue volume ratio (78.09% ± 5.83%) than the control (86.84% ± 4.89%; P <0.05). Inflammatory infiltrate was increased in the caffeine group compared with the control group (P <0.05). A higher number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells was observed in the caffeine (9.67 ± 1.73) than in the control group (2.66 ± 0.76; P <0.01). Immunoexpression of RANK and RANKL in the caffeine group was greater than the control (P <0.05).
Conclusions
The use of caffeine thermogenic induces alveolar bone loss in rats submitted to orthodontic movement via activation of RANK, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin signaling pathways.
期刊介绍:
Published for more than 100 years, the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics remains the leading orthodontic resource. It is the official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, the American Board of Orthodontics, and the College of Diplomates of the American Board of Orthodontics. Each month its readers have access to original peer-reviewed articles that examine all phases of orthodontic treatment. Illustrated throughout, the publication includes tables, color photographs, and statistical data. Coverage includes successful diagnostic procedures, imaging techniques, bracket and archwire materials, extraction and impaction concerns, orthognathic surgery, TMJ disorders, removable appliances, and adult therapy.