Enhanced kidney damage induced by increasing nonylphenol doses: impact on autophagy-related proteins and proinflammatory cytokines in rats.

IF 3.2 4区医学 Q1 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-15 DOI:10.1080/15376516.2024.2358348

Betul Yalcın, Gozde Ozge Onder, Ozge Goktepe, Pınar Alisan Suna, Ozge Cengiz Mat, Eda Koseoglu, Emre Cetindag, Munevver Baran, Nazmiye Bitgen, Özlem Öz Gergı N, Arzu Yay

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Abstract

Nonylphenol (NP) is an organic pollutant and endocrine disruptor chemical that has harmful effects on the environment and living organisms. This study looked at whether kidney tissues subjected to increasing doses of nonylphenol generated alterations in histopathologic, pro-inflammatory, and autophagic markers. Fifty rats were divided into five groups of ten each: group I: healthy group, II: control (corn oil), group III: 25 μl/kg NP, group IV: 50 μl/kg NP, group V: 75 μl/kg NP. The kidney tissue samples were obtained for histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses. The histological deteriorations observed in all NP groups included tubular epithelial cell degeneration, inflammation areas, and hemorrhage. The immunohistochemical investigations showed that NP significantly elevated the autophagy markers (Beclin-1, LC3A/B, p62), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), HIF-1α, and eNOS in group III, IV and V compared with group I and II. The biochemical analysis also revealed that pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) increased in correlation with the NP doses, but only IL-1β reached statistical significance in NP treated rats kidney tissue. The biochemical findings have been confirmed by the histological studies. The damage to renal tissue caused by NP exposure may worsen it by increasing inflammatory and autophagic markers.

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壬基酚剂量增加诱发的肾损伤加剧：对大鼠自噬相关蛋白和促炎细胞因子的影响

壬基酚（NP）是一种有机污染物和内分泌干扰化学物质，对环境和生物体有有害影响。本研究探讨了肾脏组织在摄入越来越大剂量的壬基酚后是否会产生组织病理学、促炎症和自噬标记物的变化。50 只大鼠被分为 5 组，每组 10 只：I 组：健康组；II 组：对照组（玉米油）；III 组：25 μl/kg 壬基酚；IV 组：50 μl/kg 壬基酚；V 组：75 μl/kg 壬基酚。采集肾组织样本进行组织病理学、免疫组化和生化分析。在所有 NP 组中观察到的组织学恶化包括肾小管上皮细胞变性、炎症区域和出血。免疫组化研究显示，与第一组和第二组相比，第三组、第四组和第五组的 NP 会显著升高自噬标记物（Beclin-1、LC3/2、p62）、促炎细胞因子（TNF-α、IL-6）、HIF-1α 和 eNOS。生化分析还显示，促炎细胞因子（TNF-α、IL-1β 和 IL-6）随 NP 剂量的增加而增加，但只有 IL-1β 在 NP 治疗大鼠肾组织中达到统计学意义。组织学研究证实了上述生化研究结果。接触氯化萘对肾组织造成的损害可能会通过增加炎症和自噬标记物而恶化。

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来源期刊

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods is a peer-reviewed journal whose aim is twofold. Firstly, the journal contains original research on subjects dealing with the mechanisms by which foreign chemicals cause toxic tissue injury. Chemical substances of interest include industrial compounds, environmental pollutants, hazardous wastes, drugs, pesticides, and chemical warfare agents. The scope of the journal spans from molecular and cellular mechanisms of action to the consideration of mechanistic evidence in establishing regulatory policy. Secondly, the journal addresses aspects of the development, validation, and application of new and existing laboratory methods, techniques, and equipment. A variety of research methods are discussed, including: In vivo studies with standard and alternative species In vitro studies and alternative methodologies Molecular, biochemical, and cellular techniques Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics Mathematical modeling and computer programs Forensic analyses Risk assessment Data collection and analysis.