An Automated Data-Gathering Tool for Earth Observation CubeSats Classification

Abstract

This study presents an automated tool designed for the classification and analysis of Earth Observation CubeSats, with focus in the low Earth orbit (LEO) region (200-1,000 km altitude). Leveraging an integration of data from different reputable databases, the tool provides a detailed data repository which facilitates analysis of CubeSat deployment trends, configurations, and operational orbits, aiding in mission design. A key finding from our analysis is the pronounced concentration of CubeSats in certain LEO regions: Sun-Synchronus and ISS, with the United States as a leading contributor in CubeSat deployments. Moreover, the tool offers a comprehensive estimation of lifecycle costs associated with CubeSat missions, highlighting a trend of decreasing costs among major CubeSat developers such as Planet and Spire. This cost reduction trend is attributed to economies of scale, implementation of ground segment infrastructure, and vertical integration in the development of the satellites. By providing a detailed dataset, and classification of CubeSats, along with an analysis of cost trends, this research contributes valuable insights for the planning and cost optimization of future space missions. The findings underscore the growing commercial viability and strategic importance of CubeSats in the evolving landscape of Earth observation and new space.