Safety and effectiveness of apremilast in Japanese patients with psoriatic disease: Results of a post-marketing surveillance study

Abstract

The safety and efficacy of apremilast in psoriatic disease has been demonstrated in clinical trials, including in Japanese patients. This post-marketing surveillance study was conducted after approval of apremalast in Japan in 2016 to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the drug in Japanese patients with plaque psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in routine clinical practice. Patients (enrolled between September 1, 2017, and August 31, 2019), were observed for 12 months after apremilast treatment initiation or until discontinuation or withdrawal. Safety was assessed by evaluating adverse reactions (ARs) and serious ARs. Effectiveness measures in PsO included the proportion of patients who achieved global improvement and Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) scores of 0/1 and the change from baseline in the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) after 6 and 12 months treatment. The safety analysis set included 1063 patients (PsO, n = 992; PsA, n = 127). ARs and serious ARs were reported in 29.4% and 0.7% of patients, respectively; most occurred <1 month after apremilast initiation. There were no reports of fatal ARs, serious infections, hypersensitivity, or vasculitis. No new safety signals were identified. Among the key survey items, gastrointestinal disorders were the most common ARs (21.3%). In patients with PsO, after 6 and 12 months of treatment, effectiveness rates of achieving highly effective or effective global improvement of were 90.9% and 93.8%; PGA 0/1 was achieved by 42.7% and 58.1% of patients; mean decrease from baseline in total DLQI score was 4.2 (p < 0.0001) and 5.7 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Effectiveness was evaluated in a small number of patients with PsA for some measures; after 6 and 12 months of treatment, improvements were observed in global improvement effectiveness rates, Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints score, Visual Analog Scale score, and DLQI score. We conclude that orally administered apremilast was well tolerated and effective in Japanese patients with PsO and/or PsA enrolled in this post-marketing surveillance study.