A pilot evaluation of a cognitive therapy micro-intervention to reduce the negative impact of online social networking site use on well-being

Abstract

Online highly visual social networking site (HVSNS) use has been associated with a range of negative emotional outcomes. The current pilot study examined the acceptability and feasibility of a 13-minute Social Media Aware (SMA) video intervention based on cognitive restructuring strategies that was designed to improve well-being and body image following HVSNS use. A single-arm within-subjects design was used. Fifty-nine participants between the ages of 16 and 79 (Mage = 28.97, SD = 16.04) were recruited to undertake the intervention followed by 10 min of passive HVSNS use. Self-report measures of well-being and body image outcomes were completed prior to intervention, immediately post-intervention and one week following. Data was gathered regarding acceptability of the program and social comparison experiences when using HVSNSs. The SMA program was highly acceptable to participants. Participants reported experiencing a range of negative social comparisons when using HVSNSs across many areas of life and self, including perceived happiness, excitement in life, success, relationships, and attractiveness. The program also led to an immediate reduction in negative affect (p = <0.001, Hedges g = 0.47), but this was no longer significant after one week. Feasibility benchmarks were not met, with 57.6% participant retention (34 participants) at 1-week follow-up, 30 complete cases available for analysis (50.9%), and initial difficulties recruiting within the university setting. The SMA program demonstrated high acceptability to users and promise in reducing negative affect following passive HVSNS use. Progress to a larger randomised controlled trial with follow-up is justified; however, participant retention issues should be addressed.