{"title":"Morphofunctional characteristics оs penis of mammals","authors":"N. Shevlyuk","doi":"10.17816/morph.629340","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \nThe aim of this work was to analyze the issues of the morphofunctional organization of the baculum (os penis) of mammals. In many mammals, to give strength and density to the organ, bone tissue is present in the penis, which forms the bone of the penis (os penis or baculum). This structure is evolutionarily young; it is present only in representatives of the evolutionarily youngest class of vertebrates - the class of mammals. The baculum is present in the penis of both marsupials and representatives of the orders of placental mammals (many rodents, some chiropterans, pinnipeds, cetaceans, some predators, prosimians and some monkeys). Bone tissue is usually located in the anterior region of the penis between the cavernous and spongy bodies. \nThe baculum is an unpaired bone of an elongated shape; it can have the shape of a rod or plate, straight or curved. In cross-section, in representatives of different species, the bone can be round, square, triangular, or flat. Most often, the baculum is a cylindrical rod, expanded at the base and apex; in the proximal and distal parts there are outgrowths of various shapes. The histogenesis of bone tissue during the formation of the os penis in embryogenesis occurs via indirect osteogenesis. At the site of the future os penis, a cartilaginous model is formed from the mesenchyme, in place of which bone tissue then develops. The basis of the baculum is formed by lamellar bone tissue, in which osteons are well expressed. In the superficial zones of the baculum, coarse fibrous (reticulofibrous) bone tissue, as well as fibrous cartilaginous tissue, was identified. The baculum has been found to increase the overall rigidity of the penis when flexing during copulation. It was revealed that larger baculums are present in mammals, which are characterized by a longer duration of copulation.","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.629340","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The aim of this work was to analyze the issues of the morphofunctional organization of the baculum (os penis) of mammals. In many mammals, to give strength and density to the organ, bone tissue is present in the penis, which forms the bone of the penis (os penis or baculum). This structure is evolutionarily young; it is present only in representatives of the evolutionarily youngest class of vertebrates - the class of mammals. The baculum is present in the penis of both marsupials and representatives of the orders of placental mammals (many rodents, some chiropterans, pinnipeds, cetaceans, some predators, prosimians and some monkeys). Bone tissue is usually located in the anterior region of the penis between the cavernous and spongy bodies.
The baculum is an unpaired bone of an elongated shape; it can have the shape of a rod or plate, straight or curved. In cross-section, in representatives of different species, the bone can be round, square, triangular, or flat. Most often, the baculum is a cylindrical rod, expanded at the base and apex; in the proximal and distal parts there are outgrowths of various shapes. The histogenesis of bone tissue during the formation of the os penis in embryogenesis occurs via indirect osteogenesis. At the site of the future os penis, a cartilaginous model is formed from the mesenchyme, in place of which bone tissue then develops. The basis of the baculum is formed by lamellar bone tissue, in which osteons are well expressed. In the superficial zones of the baculum, coarse fibrous (reticulofibrous) bone tissue, as well as fibrous cartilaginous tissue, was identified. The baculum has been found to increase the overall rigidity of the penis when flexing during copulation. It was revealed that larger baculums are present in mammals, which are characterized by a longer duration of copulation.
期刊介绍：
Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance.
Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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