{"title":"Experimental Study of Ultrasonic Wave Propagation in a Long Waveguide Sensor for Fluid-Level Sensing","authors":"Abhishek Kumar, Suresh Periyannan","doi":"10.1134/S1061830923600880","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work reports an ultrasonic long waveguide sensor for measuring the fluid level utilizing longitudinal <i>L</i>(0, 1), torsional <i>T</i>(0, 1), and flexural <i>F</i>(1, 1) wave modes. These wave modes were transmitted and received simultaneously using stainless-steel wire. A long waveguide (>12 m) covers a broader region of interest and is suitable in the process industry’s hostile environment applications, “fluid levels and temperature measurements.” In this work, we used fluids “diesel, water, and glycerin” for measuring fluid levels based on the sensor’s reflection factors from time domain and frequency domain signals. We examined the impact of wave mode attenuation effects for long waveguide sensor design while changing the waveguide lengths. Initially, we obtained the <i>L</i>(0, 1) and <i>T</i>(0, 1) modes reflections from the 12.6 m waveguide length when one end of the long waveguide was fixed with a shear transducer at 45° orientation. Subsequently, we want to study and identify all wave modes (especially F mode) travel distances. Hence, we would like to investigate the guided wave propagation characteristics (attenuation, ultrasonic velocity, and frequency of all wave modes) in the long waveguide while cutting systematically at intervals of 1 m, starting from its original length of the waveguide 12.6 m by analyzing the A-scan signals of various lengths of a single waveguide. This simple and cost-effective technique can monitor the high fluid depths and temperature in power plants, oil, and petrochemical industries while designing a long waveguide sensor with appropriate ultrasonic parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":764,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"60 2","pages":"132 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S1061830923600880","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This work reports an ultrasonic long waveguide sensor for measuring the fluid level utilizing longitudinal L(0, 1), torsional T(0, 1), and flexural F(1, 1) wave modes. These wave modes were transmitted and received simultaneously using stainless-steel wire. A long waveguide (>12 m) covers a broader region of interest and is suitable in the process industry’s hostile environment applications, “fluid levels and temperature measurements.” In this work, we used fluids “diesel, water, and glycerin” for measuring fluid levels based on the sensor’s reflection factors from time domain and frequency domain signals. We examined the impact of wave mode attenuation effects for long waveguide sensor design while changing the waveguide lengths. Initially, we obtained the L(0, 1) and T(0, 1) modes reflections from the 12.6 m waveguide length when one end of the long waveguide was fixed with a shear transducer at 45° orientation. Subsequently, we want to study and identify all wave modes (especially F mode) travel distances. Hence, we would like to investigate the guided wave propagation characteristics (attenuation, ultrasonic velocity, and frequency of all wave modes) in the long waveguide while cutting systematically at intervals of 1 m, starting from its original length of the waveguide 12.6 m by analyzing the A-scan signals of various lengths of a single waveguide. This simple and cost-effective technique can monitor the high fluid depths and temperature in power plants, oil, and petrochemical industries while designing a long waveguide sensor with appropriate ultrasonic parameters.
期刊介绍:
Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing, a translation of Defectoskopiya, is a publication of the Russian Academy of Sciences. This publication offers current Russian research on the theory and technology of nondestructive testing of materials and components. It describes laboratory and industrial investigations of devices and instrumentation and provides reviews of new equipment developed for series manufacture. Articles cover all physical methods of nondestructive testing, including magnetic and electrical; ultrasonic; X-ray and Y-ray; capillary; liquid (color luminescence), and radio (for materials of low conductivity).