Climate Change and Meningoencephalitis in the Americas: A Brewing Storm

IF 3.1 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Current Infectious Disease Reports Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI:10.1007/s11908-024-00843-x

Elyssa Dionne, Francisco Machiavello Roman, Shelli Farhadian

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Climate change has significantly impacted the ecological interactions between pathogens, vectors and human populations. Regional variations in temperature and precipitation patterns have shifted the geographic spread and seasonality of infectious diseases. Cases of meningoencephalitis, in particular those caused by vector-borne infections, are likewise expected to display changes in seasonality and geographic distribution. We review the current evidence on the impact of climate change on the epidemiology of vector-borne meningoencephalitis in the Americas.

Recent Findings

Epidemiologic data and climate models have shown a northward expansion of Lyme disease, West Nile virus, La Crosse virus and Eastern Equine virus infections. Similar geographic shifts are expected to occur with St Louis virus, Everglades virus and Powassan virus infections. These increased incidence is deemed to be the result of warmer winters and heavier precipitation seasons.

Summary

Climate change has led to epidemiologic changes of vector-borne meningoencephalitis in the Americas, and further changes are expected to occur. The impact of climate change on the incidence, seasonality and geographic distribution of vectors and pathogens should be monitored closely.

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气候变化与美洲脑膜脑炎：酝酿中的风暴

综述目的气候变化对病原体、病媒和人类之间的生态相互作用产生了重大影响。气温和降水模式的区域性变化改变了传染病的地理分布和季节性。脑膜脑炎病例，尤其是由病媒传染引起的脑膜脑炎病例，预计在季节性和地理分布上也会发生变化。最近的研究结果流行病学数据和气候模型显示，莱姆病、西尼罗河病毒、拉克罗斯病毒和东马病毒感染病例向北扩展。预计圣路易斯病毒、大沼泽地病毒和波瓦桑病毒感染也会发生类似的地理转移。气候变化已导致美洲病媒传播脑膜脑炎的流行病学发生变化，预计还会发生进一步的变化。应密切监测气候变化对病媒和病原体的发病率、季节性和地理分布的影响。

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Current Infectious Disease Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

6.70

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0.00%

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期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of infectious disease. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases, tropical and travel medicine, and urinary tract infections. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists.

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