Transcription Factor E2F8 Activates PDK1-Mediated DNA Damage Repair to Enhance Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Abstract

Introduction: Cisplatin (DDP) is the commonest chemo drug in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) treatment, and DDP resistance is a significant barrier to therapeutic therapy. This study attempted to elucidate the impact of PDK1 on DDP resistance in LUAD and its mechanism.

Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was used to determine the expression and enriched pathways of PDK1 in LUAD tissue. Subsequently, E2F8, the upstream transcription factor of PDK1, was predicted, and the binding relationship between the two was analyzed using dual-luciferase and ChIP experiments. PDK1 and E2F8 levels in LUAD tissues and cells were detected via qRT-PCR. Cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis levels were assayed by CCK-8, EdU, and flow cytometry experiments, respectively. Comet assay was used to assess DNA damage, and immunofluorescence was used to assess the expression of γ-H2AX. NHEJ reporter assay was to assess DNA repair efficiency. Western blot tested levels of DNA damage repair (DDR)-related proteins. Immunohistochemistry assessed the expression of relevant genes. Finally, an animal model was constructed to investigate the influence of PDK1 expression on LUAD growth.

Results: PDK1 was found to be upregulated in LUAD and enhanced DDP resistance by mediating DDR. E2F8 was identified as an upstream transcription factor of PDK1 and was highly expressed in LUAD. Rescue experiments presented that knocking down E2F8 could weaken the promotion of PDK1 overexpression on DDR-mediated DDP resistance in LUAD. In vivo experiments showed that knocking down PDK1 plus DDP significantly reduced the growth of xenograft tumors.

Conclusion: Our results indicated that the E2F8/PDK1 axis mediated DDR to promote DDP resistance in LUAD. Our findings lead to an improved treatment strategy after drug resistance.