A pathogenic missense variant, c.2149G>A (p.Gly717Arg), in CDK13 in a female patient with CDK13-related disorder: A case report and literature review of 112 cases

Naoki Morooka , Jun Kido , Hiroe Ueno , Yohei Misumi , Keishin Sugawara , Shinichi Kameyama , Hiromi Fukuda , Takeshi Mizuguchi , Naomichi Matsumoto , Mitsuharu Ueda , Kimitoshi Nakamura
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Abstract

Background

CDK13 (OMIM 603309), a cyclin-dependent kinase, phosphorylates RNA polymerase II and plays a role in various biological processes, including transcriptional regulation, alternative mRNA splicing, and axonal elongation. Patients with CDK13-related disorder present with facial abnormalities; hypotonia; congenital cardiac, renal, and skeletal abnormalities; and psychoneurological manifestations, including developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and epilepsy.

Case presentation

We present the case of a 7-year-old female patient with CDK13-related disorder. The patient had peculiar facial features, such as microcephaly, hypertelorism, broad nasal root and alar, frontal hypertrichosis, small jaw and low auricle, and atrial septal defect. Additionally, she presented with hypotonia and developmental delays. Her developmental delay was remarkable with her age and her total developmental quotient on the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development 2020 was 38 (postural-motor, 40; cognitive-adaptive, 41; and language-social, 34) at 7 years and 8 months of age. Her cognitive development was progressing slowly at her own pace, with support from social interactions, physiotherapy, and occupational therapy. Moreover, facial dysmorphism, developmental delays, and intellectual disabilities were highly frequent even among the 15 patients with the CDK13 c.2149G>A (p.Gly717Arg) variant through the literature review.

Conclusion

Patients with CDK13-related disorder typically exhibit facial dysmorphism, developmental delays, and intellectual disabilities, with the possibility of additional manifestations emerging in adulthood. This patient also presented the same manifestations as those of other patients with CDK13-related disorder. Clinical outcomes should be followed up for a long duration in this patient, as various clinical manifestations and problems may be expected.

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一名患有 CDK13 相关疾病的女性患者 CDK13 中的致病性错义变异 c.2149G>A (p.Gly717Arg):病例报告和 112 例文献综述
背景CDK13(OMIM 603309)是一种细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶,可使 RNA 聚合酶 II 磷酸化,并在转录调控、mRNA 替代剪接和轴突伸长等多种生物过程中发挥作用。CDK13 相关疾病患者表现为面部畸形;肌张力低下;先天性心脏、肾脏和骨骼异常;以及精神神经系统表现,包括发育迟缓、智力障碍和癫痫。患者面部特征奇特,如小头畸形、脊柱后凸、鼻根和鼻翼宽大、额叶肥厚、小下颌和低耳廓以及房间隔缺损。此外,她还伴有肌张力低下和发育迟缓。她的发育迟缓与年龄不符,7 岁 8 个月时,她在 2020 年京都心理发育量表中的总发育商数为 38(姿势-运动,40;认知-适应,41;语言-社交,34)。在社会交往、物理治疗和职业治疗的支持下,她的认知发展按照自己的节奏缓慢前进。此外,通过文献回顾,即使在15例CDK13 c.2149G>A(p.Gly717Arg)变异患者中,面部畸形、发育迟缓和智力障碍也非常常见。该患者的表现与其他 CDK13 相关障碍患者相同。由于可能会出现各种临床表现和问题,因此应对该患者的临床结果进行长期随访。
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