The prevalence of coexisting mental health conditions in gender diverse autistic people: A systematic review

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI:10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102427

Ashleigh Simpson, Mikayla Van Rensburg, Ling Ding, Ewelina Rydzewska

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Abstract

Background

Previous research has highlighted higher prevalence of autism amongst gender diverse individuals compared to cisgender individuals. Both the autistic population, and gender diverse population, have been found to be at an increased risk of developing mental health conditions compared to the general population. However, little is understood about the mental health outcomes of those that are both autistic and gender diverse. Aims: The aims of this review were to assess the mental health outcomes in gender diverse autistic individuals and whether these outcomes were affected by biological sex or age.

Method

A literature review was conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE and CINAHL. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023408287). Search terms relating to autism, gender diversity and mental health were used.

Results

12/820 retrieved papers were included in the review. The most common health outcomes studied were depression, anxiety and suicidality. Gender diverse autistic individuals’ mental health was poorer in all 7 studies when comparing to cisgender autistic individuals, in all 8 studies when comparing to gender-diverse non-autistic individuals and in all 6 studies when comparing to cisgender non-autistic individuals.

Conclusion

Gender diverse autistic individuals appear to be particularly vulnerable to experiencing mental health problems, more so than gender diverse individuals and autistic individuals.

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不同性别自闭症患者并存精神疾病的患病率：系统回顾

背景以往的研究表明，与同性别的人相比，不同性别的人中自闭症的发病率更高。研究发现，与普通人群相比，自闭症人群和性别多元化人群患精神疾病的风险都更高。然而，人们对自闭症患者和性别多元化人群的心理健康结果却知之甚少。目的：本综述旨在评估不同性别自闭症患者的心理健康结果，以及这些结果是否会受到生理性别或年龄的影响：文献综述使用了以下数据库：MEDLINE、PsycINFO、EMBASE 和 CINAHL。该综述已在 PROSPERO 注册（CRD42023408287）。检索词涉及自闭症、性别多样性和心理健康。最常见的健康结果是抑郁、焦虑和自杀。在所有 7 项研究中，与顺性别自闭症患者相比，性别多元化自闭症患者的心理健康状况较差；在所有 8 项研究中，与性别多元化非自闭症患者相比，性别多元化自闭症患者的心理健康状况较差；在所有 6 项研究中，与顺性别非自闭症患者相比，性别多元化自闭症患者的心理健康状况较差。

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来源期刊

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders Multiple-

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

8.00%

发文量

108

期刊介绍： Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders (RASD) publishes high quality empirical articles and reviews that contribute to a better understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) at all levels of description; genetic, neurobiological, cognitive, and behavioral. The primary focus of the journal is to bridge the gap between basic research at these levels, and the practical questions and difficulties that are faced by individuals with ASD and their families, as well as carers, educators and clinicians. In addition, the journal encourages submissions on topics that remain under-researched in the field. We know shamefully little about the causes and consequences of the significant language and general intellectual impairments that characterize half of all individuals with ASD. We know even less about the challenges that women with ASD face and less still about the needs of individuals with ASD as they grow older. Medical and psychological co-morbidities and the complications they bring with them for the diagnosis and treatment of ASD represents another area of relatively little research. At RASD we are committed to promoting high-quality and rigorous research on all of these issues, and we look forward to receiving many excellent submissions.