Identification of skin bacterial profiles of early deceased bodies and the relation to post-mortem interval.

C K Chong, M Emamjomeh, N Joseph, S F Siew, T Maeda, N A Mustapha, Y Hoshiko, A Muthanna, S Amin-Nordin
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Abstract

Post-mortem microbiology (PMM) is an important tool in identifying possible causes of sudden unexpected death, as an infectious cause is highly suspected. However, contamination is a major problem in microbiology, and this has increased the difficulty determining the true pathogen that contributes to death in post-mortem cases. Skin commensals are common contaminants in blood cultures. This study was conducted to investigate the skin flora on early deceased bodies and observe the bacteria detected at different post-mortem intervals (PMIs). As blood is usually drawn from the neck and femoral sites for PMM examination, the two body sites were chosen as the sampling sites. Skin swab samples from the neck and femoral (n=80) of each early deceased body were collected by sterile cotton swabs. DNA was extracted from the swabs and then subjected to high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing by using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Staphylococcus was found to be the most dominant genus in both neck and femoral sites. LEfSe results showed that Cutibacterium is significantly different at the neck site while Corynebacterium is more abundant at femoral site. There are significant differences at genus level between PMI<5H and PMI>5H at both neck and femoral sites. The findings of the present study may act as a reference for microbiologists and forensic pathologists when mixed growth or contamination occurs in post-mortem blood cultures.

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鉴定早期死亡尸体的皮肤细菌特征及其与死后间隔时间的关系。
死后微生物学(PMM)是确定意外猝死可能原因的重要工具,因为人们高度怀疑是传染病引起的。然而,污染是微生物学的一个主要问题,这增加了确定导致死后病例死亡的真正病原体的难度。皮肤共生菌是血液培养中常见的污染物。本研究旨在调查早期死者尸体的皮肤菌群,并观察在不同尸检间隔期(PMI)检测到的细菌。由於檢驗屍體時通常會從頸部和股部抽取血液,因此研究人員選擇了這兩個部位作為取樣點。用无菌棉签从每具早期死者的颈部和股部(n=80)采集皮肤拭子样本。从拭子中提取 DNA 后,利用 Illumina MiSeq 平台进行高通量 16S rRNA 测序。结果发现,葡萄球菌是颈部和股骨部位最主要的菌属。LEfSe 结果显示,颈部部位的 Cutibacterium 与股骨部位的 Corynebacterium 有显著差异。PMI5H在颈部和股骨部位的属一级均存在明显差异。本研究的结果可作为微生物学家和法医病理学家在死后血液培养物中出现混合生长或污染时的参考。
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