Investigation of factors that may affect the foveal avascular zone: An optical coherence tomography angiography study.

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY Optometry and Vision Science Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1097/OPX.0000000000002129

Grainne Scanlon, Susan O'Shea, George Amarandei, John S Butler, Veronica O'Dwyer

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Abstract

Significance: An understanding of factors that affect the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in healthy eyes may aid in the early identification of patients at risk of retinal pathology, thereby allowing better management and preventive measures to be implemented.

Purpose: The size and shape of the FAZ can change due to retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress, including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and macular degeneration. This study aimed to assess the relationship, if any, between factors that may affect the superficial FAZ (i.e., vessel density, vessel perfusion, overweight/obesity) and possible links with macular pigment optical density in young, healthy participants.

Methods: One hundred thirty-nine participants aged 18 to 35 years were recruited to this cross-sectional study. The superficial FAZ area, foveal vascularity, and central macular thickness (CMT) were assessed using the Cirrus 5000. Health parameters, body mass index, trunk fat %, and macular pigment were analyzed to determine possible associations with the superficial FAZ.

Results: Mean FAZ area was 0.23 ± 0.08 mm2. Females had a significantly larger mean FAZ area than males (p=0.002). The FAZ area was positively correlated with body mass index (Pearson's r = 0.189, p=0.026). Significant correlates of the FAZ area in the multivariate model included vessel perfusion (central), CMT, and trunk fat %, collectively explaining 65.1% of the overall variability.

Conclusions: Study findings suggest that reduced vessel perfusion, thinner CMT, and higher trunk fat % are plausible predictors of a larger FAZ area in healthy Caucasian adults. Low macular pigment optical density was, however, not associated with increased FAZ size in young healthy eyes. Noninvasive optical coherence tomography angiography testing, in association with these predictors, may aid in the early detection and monitoring of retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress.

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调查可能影响眼窝无血管区的因素：光学相干断层血管造影研究。

意义：目的：FAZ的大小和形状会因糖尿病视网膜病变、青光眼和黄斑变性等与氧化应激相关的视网膜疾病而改变。本研究旨在评估可能影响浅表FAZ的因素（即血管密度、血管灌注、超重/肥胖）与年轻健康参与者黄斑色素光学密度之间的关系（如果有的话）：这项横断面研究招募了 139 名 18 至 35 岁的参与者。使用 Cirrus 5000 对浅表 FAZ 区、眼窝血管和黄斑中心厚度（CMT）进行了评估。对健康参数、体重指数、躯干脂肪率和黄斑色素进行了分析，以确定与浅表FAZ可能存在的关联：平均FAZ面积为0.23 ± 0.08 mm2。女性的平均FAZ面积明显大于男性（P=0.002）。FAZ面积与体重指数呈正相关（Pearson's r = 0.189，p=0.026）。在多变量模型中，与 FAZ 面积显著相关的因素包括血管灌注（中央）、CMT 和躯干脂肪率，它们共同解释了 65.1% 的总体变异性：研究结果表明，在健康的高加索成年人中，血管灌注减少、CMT变薄和躯干脂肪率升高是预测FAZ面积增大的合理因素。然而，在年轻健康的眼睛中，黄斑色素光学密度低与 FAZ 面积增大无关。无创光学相干断层血管造影检测与这些预测因素相结合，可能有助于早期检测和监测与氧化应激相关的视网膜疾病。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Optometry and Vision Science 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

7.10%

发文量

210

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Optometry and Vision Science is the monthly peer-reviewed scientific publication of the American Academy of Optometry, publishing original research since 1924. Optometry and Vision Science is an internationally recognized source for education and information on current discoveries in optometry, physiological optics, vision science, and related fields. The journal considers original contributions that advance clinical practice, vision science, and public health. Authors should remember that the journal reaches readers worldwide and their submissions should be relevant and of interest to a broad audience. Topical priorities include, but are not limited to: clinical and laboratory research, evidence-based reviews, contact lenses, ocular growth and refractive error development, eye movements, visual function and perception, biology of the eye and ocular disease, epidemiology and public health, biomedical optics and instrumentation, novel and important clinical observations and treatments, and optometric education.