Viral complexity of tomatoes yellow mosaic and leaf curl diseases in lowland and highland areas

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI:10.1111/jph.13326
Rudy Hermanto, Rudi Hari Murti, Sedyo Hartono, Azis Purwantoro, Arman Wijonarko,  Mulyantoro, Hartinio Natalia Nahampun, Ahmad Afifuddin
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Abstract

Yellow mosaic and leaf curl diseases caused by whitefly-transmitted begomo virus genera are important problems in tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) production in Indonesia, particularly on Java Island. The aims of this survey are to assess the percentages of disease incidence (DI) and disease severity index (DSI), evaluate the spread and complexity of begomovirus and crinivirus infections responsible for yellow mosaic and leaf curl diseases in tomato plants, and identify the species of whitefly insect vectors and their cryptic biotypes in tomato production centers located on Java Island, Indonesia. A total of 43 locations in East, Central, and West Java were surveyed during the dry season from July 2022 to September 2022. Disease incidence and severity were determined by observing 200 samples of tomato plants from five points at each location, with 40 plants per point of land. A total of 116 whitefly samples in microtubes and 215 symptomatic leaf samples were collected. The genus begomovirus and crinivirus infecting tomato were identified by PCR and RT-PCR using genus-specific primers. Similarly, whitefly species and their cryptic biotypes were identified by PCR using MCoI gene-specific primers. Results showed that DI and DSI remarkably differed between the lowlands (66%–89%) and highlands (33%–62%) in the provinces of Central Java and West Java. Furthermore, PCR analysis of 215 infected tomato showing the symptoms of yellow mosaic and curly leaf revealed that three begomoviruses, one crinivirus and their mixed combination both begomoviruses, one crinivirus has been detected in all the samples. Similarly, the whitefly insect vector Bemisia tabaci biotype Q was identified in all areas, whereas Trialeurodes vaporariorum was found only in the East Java and Java highlands, respectively.

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低地和高地番茄黄镶嵌病和卷叶病的病毒复杂性
由粉虱传播的乞乞科莫病毒属引起的黄镶嵌病和卷叶病是印度尼西亚番茄(Solanum lycopersicon L.)生产中的重要问题,尤其是在爪哇岛。本次调查的目的是评估番茄植株上的病害发生率(DI)和病害严重程度指数(DSI),评估番茄植株上由乞蛾病毒和卷叶病毒感染引起的黄花叶病的传播情况和复杂程度,并鉴定位于印度尼西亚爪哇岛的番茄生产中心的粉虱昆虫载体种类及其隐性生物型。在 2022 年 7 月至 2022 年 9 月的旱季期间,对爪哇岛东部、中部和西部共 43 个地点进行了调查。通过观察每个地点五个点的 200 株番茄植株样本(每个点 40 株)来确定病害发生率和严重程度。共收集了 116 份微管中的粉虱样本和 215 份有症状的叶片样本。使用属特异引物,通过 PCR 和 RT-PCR 鉴定了感染番茄的喙螨病毒属和喙螨病毒属。同样,利用 MCoI 基因特异性引物通过 PCR 鉴定了粉虱种类及其隐性生物型。结果表明,在中爪哇省和西爪哇省,低地(66%-89%)和高地(33%-62%)的 DI 和 DSI 显著不同。此外,对 215 个表现出黄镶嵌和卷曲叶症状的受感染番茄进行的 PCR 分析表明,在所有样本中都检测到了三种乞猴病毒、一种卷曲病毒以及两种乞猴病毒和一种卷曲病毒的混合组合。同样,在所有地区都发现了粉虱昆虫媒介 Bemisia tabaci biotype Q,而 Trialeurodes vaporariorum 只分别在东爪哇和爪哇高地发现。
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来源期刊
Journal of Phytopathology
Journal of Phytopathology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
88
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Phytopathology publishes original and review articles on all scientific aspects of applied phytopathology in agricultural and horticultural crops. Preference is given to contributions improving our understanding of the biotic and abiotic determinants of plant diseases, including epidemics and damage potential, as a basis for innovative disease management, modelling and forecasting. This includes practical aspects and the development of methods for disease diagnosis as well as infection bioassays. Studies at the population, organism, physiological, biochemical and molecular genetic level are welcome. The journal scope comprises the pathology and epidemiology of plant diseases caused by microbial pathogens, viruses and nematodes. Accepted papers should advance our conceptual knowledge of plant diseases, rather than presenting descriptive or screening data unrelated to phytopathological mechanisms or functions. Results from unrepeated experimental conditions or data with no or inappropriate statistical processing will not be considered. Authors are encouraged to look at past issues to ensure adherence to the standards of the journal.
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