Oral Pre-malignancy: An Update on Novel Therapeutic Approaches.

IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Current Oncology Reports Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-12 DOI:10.1007/s11912-024-01562-1
Shorook Naara, Clara Andrews, Andrew Sikora, Michelle Williams, Mark Chambers, Jeffrey Myers, Moran Amit
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Abstract

Purpose of review: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current advances in managing and preventing progression of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), focusing on their histological and clinicopathological features, and management.

Recent findings: Recent studies, including a multicenter cross-sectional study, have identified oral leukoplakia as the most prevalent form of OPMD, comprising over half of the cases examined. Advances in histological grading, specifically the World Health Organization's three-tier system (mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia), have significantly enhanced the accuracy of risk assessment for malignant transformation. Additionally, treatments such as surgical interventions, photodynamic therapy, and chemopreventive and molecularly targeted agents are being evaluated for their safety and efficacy as well as, immune checkpoint inhibitors being evaluated as potential preventive strategies to halt the progression of OPMDs. The management of OPMDs remains challenging due to the lack of standardized screening protocols and varied clinical management approaches. Despite this, recent advancements in diagnostic grading and therapeutic interventions provide a framework for improved treatment outcomes. Continued research into the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving development and progression of OPMDs and innovative treatment trials are essential to optimize strategies that prevent malignant progression and thereby reduce the global health burden of oral cancer.

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口腔癌前病变:新型治疗方法的最新进展。
综述目的:本综述旨在全面概述目前在管理和预防口腔潜在恶性疾病(OPMDs)恶化方面取得的进展,重点关注其组织学和临床病理学特征以及管理:最近的研究(包括一项多中心横断面研究)发现,口腔白斑病是口腔潜在恶性疾病中最常见的形式,占受检病例的一半以上。组织学分级的进步,特别是世界卫生组织的三级系统(轻度、中度和重度发育不良),大大提高了恶性转化风险评估的准确性。此外,手术干预、光动力疗法、化学预防和分子靶向药物等治疗方法的安全性和有效性正在接受评估,免疫检查点抑制剂作为潜在的预防策略也在接受评估,以阻止 OPMD 的发展。由于缺乏标准化的筛查方案和不同的临床管理方法,OPMD 的管理仍然充满挑战。尽管如此,诊断分级和治疗干预方面的最新进展为改善治疗效果提供了框架。要优化预防恶性进展的策略,从而减轻口腔癌对全球健康造成的负担,就必须继续研究驱动 OPMD 发展和恶化的分子和细胞机制,并进行创新性治疗试验。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
187
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: This journal aims to review the most important, recently published clinical findings in the field of oncology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to serve all those involved in the care of those affected by cancer. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as cancer prevention, leukemia, melanoma, neuro-oncology, and palliative medicine. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.
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