Interactions between the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium and siderophore-producing cyanobacterium Synechococcus under iron limitation.

IF 5.1 Q1 ECOLOGY ISME communications Pub Date : 2024-05-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/ismeco/ycae072
Xumei Sun, Yan Xiao, Chengwen Yong, Hansheng Sun, Shuangqing Li, Hailong Huang, Haibo Jiang
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Abstract

As diazotrophic cyanobacteria of tremendous biomass, Trichodesmium continuously provide a nitrogen source for carbon-fixing cyanobacteria and drive the generation of primary productivity in marine environments. However, ocean iron deficiencies limit growth and metabolism of Trichodesmium. Recent studies have shown the co-occurrence of Trichodesmium and siderophore-producing Synechococcus in iron-deficient oceans, but whether siderophores secreted by Synechococcus can be used by Trichodesmium to adapt to iron deficiency is not clear. We constructed a mutant Synechococcus strain unable to produce siderophores to explore this issue. Synechococcus filtrates with or without siderophores were added into a Trichodesmium microbial consortium consisting of Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS 101 as the dominant microbe with chronic iron deficiency. By analyzing the physiological phenotype, metagenome, and metatranscriptome, we investigated the interactions between the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Tricodesmium and siderophore-producing cyanobacterium Synechococcus under conditions of iron deficiency. The results indicated that siderophores secreted by Synechococcus are likely to chelate with free iron in the culture medium of the Trichodesmium consortium, reducing the concentration of bioavailable iron and posing greater challenges to the absorption of iron by Trichodesmium. These findings revealed the characteristics of iron-competitive utilization between diazotrophic cyanobacteria and siderophore-producing cyanobacteria, as well as potential interactions, and provide a scientific basis for understanding the regulatory effects of nutrient limitation on marine primary productivity.

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铁限制条件下固氮蓝藻毛囊藻与产铁蓝藻Synechococcus之间的相互作用。
作为生物量巨大的重氮蓝藻,毛囊藻不断为固碳蓝藻提供氮源,并推动海洋环境中初级生产力的产生。然而,海洋缺铁限制了毛滴虫的生长和新陈代谢。最近的研究表明,在缺铁的海洋中,毛地黄藻和产生嗜苷酸盐的Synechococcus同时存在,但Synechococcus分泌的嗜苷酸盐是否能被毛地黄藻利用来适应缺铁环境,目前还不清楚。我们构建了一株不能产生嗜苷酸盐的突变体 Synechococcus 来探讨这一问题。将含有或不含嗜苷酸的 Synechococcus 滤液添加到由红藻毛囊菌 IMS 101 组成的毛囊菌微生物联合体中,该联合体是慢性缺铁的优势微生物。通过分析生理表型、元基因组和元转录组,我们研究了在缺铁条件下固氮蓝藻三节藻与产生苷元的蓝藻Synechococcus之间的相互作用。结果表明,Synechococcus 分泌的嗜苷蓝藻很可能会与毛地蓝藻联合体培养液中的游离铁发生螯合作用,从而降低生物可利用铁的浓度,对毛地蓝藻吸收铁构成更大的挑战。这些发现揭示了重氮蓝藻和产苷蓝藻之间铁竞争性利用的特点以及潜在的相互作用,为了解营养限制对海洋初级生产力的调节作用提供了科学依据。
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