Exploring the Interactional Behavior of a Ternary Solution of (Isoproterenol Hydrochloride + Water + β-Cyclodextrin) Using Viscosity and Conductance Techniques

Abstract

In this work, the physiochemical properties of the drug, isoproterenol hydrochloride, were analyzed in the presence of β-cyclodextrin in an aqueous medium to gain a better understanding of the prevailing interactions among solute–solvent systems with the help of viscosity and conductivity studies. From viscosity measurements, the viscosity \(B\)-coefficient along with its transfer parameter was calculated using the Jones–Dole equation. In addition to this, the activation parameters such as \(\Delta {\mu }_{1}^{\text{o}{\#}}\), \(\Delta {\mu }_{2}^{\text{o}{\#}}\), \(\Delta {S}_{2}^{\text{o}{\#}}\), and \({\Delta H}_{2}^{\text{o}{\#}}\) were evaluated and discussed to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of viscous flow in terms of transition state theory. Along with this, conductivity studies were performed to investigate the thermodynamics of the ternary system in terms of changes in Gibbs free energy. Also, the delayed critical aggregate concentration of the ternary system supports favourable interaction between the studied drug and β-cyclodextrin molecules.