{"title":"Symposium 6","authors":"","doi":"10.1538/expanim.73suppl-s6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Intracellular calcium increase is believed as the main trigger for astrocyte functions modulating neuronal activities and vasculature. As in many other cell types, it is considered that astrocyte calcium is a multifunctional signal, and an appropriate spatial and temporal pattern of calcium increase is required to elicit a specific function. In addition to diverse calcium release patterns (transient, sustained and oscillatory) following G-protein coupled receptor activation by neurotransmitters, astrocyte is known to show unique calcium behaviors, including intrinsic calcium oscillation, intercellular calcium wave propagation, mechanically-induced calcium increase and reversal of sodium-calcium exchanger. And expressions of calcium-regulating receptors and ion channels are known to change depending on developmental and pathological states of astrocyte. Therefore astrocyte calcium is supposed to reflect not only neurotransmitter concentration, but also metabolic, ionic and physical environment, as well as astrocyte states and network. In our studies using cultured astrocytes, neurotransmitter-induced calcium oscillation was shown to require appropriate growth factor/cytokine treatment and neurotransmitter concentration, supporting the notion that astrocyte senses environmental parameters and determine its calcium behavior and following function. In our preliminary observation of astrocyte calcium behavior in normal and pathological brain tissue preparations, astrocyte changes its responsibility to neurotransmitters and frequency of intrinsic activities during pathological activation processes, and evoked and intrinsic activities interfere each other. These flexibilities of calcium behavior propose switching of astrocyte calcium regulatory mechanism and function in brain physiology and pathology.","PeriodicalId":12102,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Animals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Experimental Animals","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1538/expanim.73suppl-s6","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Intracellular calcium increase is believed as the main trigger for astrocyte functions modulating neuronal activities and vasculature. As in many other cell types, it is considered that astrocyte calcium is a multifunctional signal, and an appropriate spatial and temporal pattern of calcium increase is required to elicit a specific function. In addition to diverse calcium release patterns (transient, sustained and oscillatory) following G-protein coupled receptor activation by neurotransmitters, astrocyte is known to show unique calcium behaviors, including intrinsic calcium oscillation, intercellular calcium wave propagation, mechanically-induced calcium increase and reversal of sodium-calcium exchanger. And expressions of calcium-regulating receptors and ion channels are known to change depending on developmental and pathological states of astrocyte. Therefore astrocyte calcium is supposed to reflect not only neurotransmitter concentration, but also metabolic, ionic and physical environment, as well as astrocyte states and network. In our studies using cultured astrocytes, neurotransmitter-induced calcium oscillation was shown to require appropriate growth factor/cytokine treatment and neurotransmitter concentration, supporting the notion that astrocyte senses environmental parameters and determine its calcium behavior and following function. In our preliminary observation of astrocyte calcium behavior in normal and pathological brain tissue preparations, astrocyte changes its responsibility to neurotransmitters and frequency of intrinsic activities during pathological activation processes, and evoked and intrinsic activities interfere each other. These flexibilities of calcium behavior propose switching of astrocyte calcium regulatory mechanism and function in brain physiology and pathology.
细胞内钙的增加被认为是星形胶质细胞调节神经元活动和血管功能的主要触发因素。与许多其他类型的细胞一样,人们认为星形胶质细胞的钙是一种多功能信号,需要适当的钙增加时空模式来激发特定功能。除了神经递质激活 G 蛋白偶联受体后的多种钙释放模式(瞬时、持续和振荡)外,已知星形胶质细胞还表现出独特的钙行为,包括内在钙振荡、细胞间钙波传播、机械诱导钙增加和钠钙交换逆转。众所周知,钙调节受体和离子通道的表达会随着星形胶质细胞的发育和病理状态而改变。因此,星形胶质细胞的钙不仅能反映神经递质的浓度,还能反映代谢、离子和物理环境,以及星形胶质细胞的状态和网络。我们利用培养的星形胶质细胞进行的研究表明,神经递质诱导的钙振荡需要适当的生长因子/细胞因子处理和神经递质浓度,这支持了星形胶质细胞感知环境参数并决定其钙行为和后续功能的观点。在我们对正常和病理脑组织制备的星形胶质细胞钙行为的初步观察中,星形胶质细胞在病理激活过程中改变了对神经递质的责任和内在活动的频率,诱发活动和内在活动相互干扰。这些灵活的钙行为提出了星形胶质细胞钙调节机制和功能在脑生理和病理中的转换。
期刊介绍:
The aim of this international journal is to accelerate progress in laboratory animal experimentation and disseminate relevant information in related areas through publication of peer reviewed Original papers and Review articles. The journal covers basic to applied biomedical research centering around use of experimental animals and also covers topics related to experimental animals such as technology, management, and animal welfare.