Additives Depletion by Water Contamination and Its Influences on Engine Oil Performance

IF 2.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Tribology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI:10.1007/s11249-024-01876-y

A. Al Sheikh Omar, F. Motamen Salehi, U. Farooq, A. Morina

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Abstract

Water enters engine oil in different ways and moves in the lubrication system causing an increase in wear, oil degradation and additives depletion. It has been proposed that water in the lubricants can transfer from dissolved to free phase leading to additives depletion in the oil. Different additives in the lubricants can easily latch to water molecules forming reverse micelles. The separation of reverse micelles from the oil causes additives depletion. This experimental and analytical study aims to investigate how the separation of free water above the saturation level can diminish the efficiency of additives in engine oils. The effect of varied levels of water on oil performance and its additives was investigated in this study. A new saturation method was used to determine the water saturation level in engine oil at different temperatures. The results reveal a decrease in additive concentration with increased separation of free water from the oil. Free water separation from engine oil is expected to reclaim the tribological performance, however, the results demonstrate that tribological performance after the separation of free water from the oil has been affected. The study showed not only does the removal of free water diminish the efficiency of additives due to additives depletion (≈ 10 wt%), but also the remaining dissolved water which is ≈ 2600 ppm can also affect wear and tribofilm chemistry. The results prove that two main mechanisms influence oil performance expressed as additives depletion by free water and remaining dissolved water.

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水污染对添加剂的损耗及其对发动机油性能的影响

水以不同的方式进入发动机机油，并在润滑系统中移动，导致磨损加剧、机油降解和添加剂耗尽。有人提出，润滑油中的水可以从溶解相转移到游离相，从而导致机油中添加剂的损耗。润滑油中的不同添加剂很容易吸附在水分子上形成反向胶束。反胶束从油中分离出来会导致添加剂损耗。本实验和分析研究旨在探讨超过饱和水平的游离水分离如何降低发动机油中添加剂的效率。本研究调查了不同水平的水对机油性能及其添加剂的影响。采用了一种新的饱和方法来确定不同温度下发动机油中的水饱和度。结果显示，随着机油中游离水分离度的增加，添加剂浓度也随之降低。从发动机油中分离游离水有望恢复摩擦学性能，但结果表明，从油中分离游离水后，摩擦学性能受到了影响。研究表明，清除游离水不仅会因添加剂耗竭（≈ 10 wt%）而降低添加剂的效率，而且剩余的溶解水（≈ 2600 ppm）也会影响磨损和三膜化学性质。结果证明，影响机油性能的主要机制有两种，即添加剂被游离水耗尽和剩余溶解水。

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来源期刊

Tribology Letters 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

9.40%

发文量

116

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： Tribology Letters is devoted to the development of the science of tribology and its applications, particularly focusing on publishing high-quality papers at the forefront of tribological science and that address the fundamentals of friction, lubrication, wear, or adhesion. The journal facilitates communication and exchange of seminal ideas among thousands of practitioners who are engaged worldwide in the pursuit of tribology-based science and technology.