Pd nanoparticles supported on Fe3O4 particles grafted with poly(acrylamide) gel brush for simultaneous electrochemical-sensing of dopamine and paracetamol

Abstract

In the present study, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with Pd nanoparticles deposited on poly(acrylamide) gel brush-grafted magnetic particles (Pd/PAAm_GB@Fe₃O₄) with core-shell structure was fabricated for simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) and paracetamol (PA). Electrochemical performance of Pd/PAAm_GB@Fe₃O₄/GCE was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The fabricated sensor exhibited voltammetric sensing with a satisfactory linear determination range from 0.4–41 μM for DA and from 0.5–95 μM for PA. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.1 μM for DA and 0.17 μM for PA based on signal to noise ratio of 3. The proposed sensor also had excellent reusability and selectivity, good reproducibility and stability, and satisfactory recovery in biomedical examples. It is believed that metal nanoparticles deposited on polymer gel brush composites may offer promising new horizons for sensor growth.