Cerebral Vascular Accidents Occurring During Type 2 Diabetes in the CHU-PG Internal Medicine Department

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. It also represents a significant risk factor for stroke. The excess stroke risk associated with diabetes is significantly higher in women than in men, independent of sex differences observed for other major cardiovascular risk factors. Materials and Method: This retrospective descriptive study was carried out in the Internal Medicine department of Point G University Hospital from January 2008 to December 2012. Included in this work were all type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized in the department during the duration of the study, presenting clinical signs of sentivo-motor deficit with performance of a brain CT scan. Results: At the end of this work, 358 patients were hospitalized, among whom 19 cases of established stroke were recorded, i.e. a frequency of 5.3%. Dilated cardiomyopathy represented 36.8% of cases. LVH and repolarization disorders accounted for 21.1% each. Composite ischemic stroke represented 79% of cases followed by mixed stroke or 16% of cases. The evolution was marked by after-effects such as left hemiparesis 36.8%, right hemiplegia 10.5% and death in 5.3% of cases. Dyslipidemia 82%, hypertension 84.21% were the risk factors most associated with diabetes. Conclusion: Strokes are common in type 2 diabetic patients. Their prevention requires better management of diabetes and its associated risk factors.