Personalized Kodo Millet Rice Analogue (KMRA): Formulation, nutritional evaluation, and optimization

Abstract

Rice analogue is an artificial rice formulated and extruded from a non-rice carbohydrate source. This concept was started with the aim of providing highly nutritious compounds in the form of rice to targeted individuals to address malnutrition and therapeutic and health needs. In the current study, Kodo Millet (KM) was used as a substitute for rice flour to produce personalized KM rice analogues for diabetic, obese and health-conscious individuals. KM semolina and rice flour at different ratios were cold extruded to produce rice analogues. The developed analogue rice was disclosed to contain more amounts of protein, dietary fibre, and mineral content. In addition, it was revealed that the nutrients increased in the rice analogue based on the percentage of KM semolina used in the formulation. Further, the cooking time required for the rice analogue was less (6 to 8 mins) than the original rice. Based on the nutritional profile and the sensory analysis the formulation with 78.5 % KM semolina, 20 % rice flour, 0.5 % xanthan gum and 1 % glycerol monostearate was optimized to be a perfect formulation to produce kodo millet-based rice analogue.