Yizhong Jenny Hu, Y Eric Yu, Herbert J Cooper, Roshan P Shah, Jeffrey A Geller, X Lucas Lu, Elizabeth Shane, Joan Bathon, Nancy E Lane, X Edward Guo
{"title":"Mechanical and structural properties of articular cartilage and subchondral bone in human osteoarthritic knees.","authors":"Yizhong Jenny Hu, Y Eric Yu, Herbert J Cooper, Roshan P Shah, Jeffrey A Geller, X Lucas Lu, Elizabeth Shane, Joan Bathon, Nancy E Lane, X Edward Guo","doi":"10.1093/jbmr/zjae094","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Knee osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by multiple joint tissue degenerations, remains a significant clinical challenge. Recent evidence suggests that crosstalk within the osteochondral unit may drive OA progression. Although structural-biomechanical properties of bone and cartilage have been studied, potential interaction within the osteochondral unit in the context of OA has yet to be investigated. We performed comprehensive structural and biomechanical quantification of the cartilage, subchondral bone plate (SBP), and subchondral trabecular bone (STB) using 101 osteochondral cores collected from tibial plateaus of 12 control human cadavers (CT, 5 male/7 female) and 19 patients undergoing total knee replacement (OA, 6 male/13 female). For each sample, we quantified SBP microstructure, plate-and-rod morphological properties of the STB using individual trabecula segmentation, and morphological and compositional properties of the articular cartilage. We also performed indentation testing on each compartment of the osteochondral unit to extract the respective structural-mechanical properties. Cartilage thickness was lower in moderate and severe OA regions, while Osteoarthritis Research Society International score was higher only in severe OA regions. GAG content did not change in any OA region. Aggregate and shear moduli were lower only in severe OA regions, while permeability was lower only in moderate OA regions. In the SBP, thickness and tissue mineral density were higher in moderate and severe OA regions. Tissue modulus of STB was lower in moderate OA regions despite a thicker and more mineralized SBP; this deterioration was not observed in severe OA regions. Regression analysis revealed strong correlations between cartilage and STB properties in CT; these correlations were also found in moderate OA regions but were not observed in severe OA regions. In summary, our findings comprehensively characterize the human OA osteochondral unit. Importantly, uncoupling cartilage and subchondral bone structural-mechanical properties may be a hallmark of OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":185,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jbmr/zjae094","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by multiple joint tissue degenerations, remains a significant clinical challenge. Recent evidence suggests that crosstalk within the osteochondral unit may drive OA progression. Although structural-biomechanical properties of bone and cartilage have been studied, potential interaction within the osteochondral unit in the context of OA has yet to be investigated. We performed comprehensive structural and biomechanical quantification of the cartilage, subchondral bone plate (SBP), and subchondral trabecular bone (STB) using 101 osteochondral cores collected from tibial plateaus of 12 control human cadavers (CT, 5 male/7 female) and 19 patients undergoing total knee replacement (OA, 6 male/13 female). For each sample, we quantified SBP microstructure, plate-and-rod morphological properties of the STB using individual trabecula segmentation, and morphological and compositional properties of the articular cartilage. We also performed indentation testing on each compartment of the osteochondral unit to extract the respective structural-mechanical properties. Cartilage thickness was lower in moderate and severe OA regions, while Osteoarthritis Research Society International score was higher only in severe OA regions. GAG content did not change in any OA region. Aggregate and shear moduli were lower only in severe OA regions, while permeability was lower only in moderate OA regions. In the SBP, thickness and tissue mineral density were higher in moderate and severe OA regions. Tissue modulus of STB was lower in moderate OA regions despite a thicker and more mineralized SBP; this deterioration was not observed in severe OA regions. Regression analysis revealed strong correlations between cartilage and STB properties in CT; these correlations were also found in moderate OA regions but were not observed in severe OA regions. In summary, our findings comprehensively characterize the human OA osteochondral unit. Importantly, uncoupling cartilage and subchondral bone structural-mechanical properties may be a hallmark of OA.
膝关节骨关节炎(OA)以多种关节组织退化为特征,仍然是一项重大的临床挑战。最近的证据表明,骨软骨单元内的串扰可能会推动 OA 的发展。虽然人们已经对骨和软骨的结构-生物力学特性进行了研究,但对骨软骨单元在 OA 背景下的潜在相互作用尚未进行研究。我们使用从 12 例对照人体尸体(CT,5 例男性/7 例女性)和 19 例接受全膝关节置换术的患者(OA,6 例男性/13 例女性)的胫骨平台上采集的 101 个骨软骨核心,对软骨、软骨下骨板和软骨下小梁骨进行了全面的结构和生物力学量化。我们对每个样本的软骨下骨板微观结构、软骨下小梁骨的板棒形态特性(使用单个小梁分割)以及关节软骨的形态和成分特性进行了量化。我们还对骨软骨单位的每个分区进行了压痕测试,以提取各自的结构力学特性。软骨厚度在中度和重度OA区域较低,而OARSI评分仅在重度OA区域较高。任何OA区域的凝胶体含量均无变化。只有在重度 OA 区域,集聚模量和剪切模量较低,而只有在中度 OA 区域,渗透性较低。在软骨下骨板中,中度和重度 OA 区域的厚度和 TMD 较高。软骨下骨小梁的组织模量在中度 OA 区域较低,尽管软骨下骨板更厚且矿化程度更高;而在重度 OA 区域则未观察到这种恶化。回归分析显示,CT 中软骨和软骨下小梁骨的特性之间存在很强的相关性;这些相关性在中度 OA 区域也有发现,但在重度 OA 区域没有观察到。总之,我们的研究结果全面描述了人类 OA 骨软骨单元的特征。重要的是,软骨和软骨下骨结构-力学性能的不耦合可能是 OA 的一个标志。
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (JBMR) publishes highly impactful original manuscripts, reviews, and special articles on basic, translational and clinical investigations relevant to the musculoskeletal system and mineral metabolism. Specifically, the journal is interested in original research on the biology and physiology of skeletal tissues, interdisciplinary research spanning the musculoskeletal and other systems, including but not limited to immunology, hematology, energy metabolism, cancer biology, and neurology, and systems biology topics using large scale “-omics” approaches. The journal welcomes clinical research on the pathophysiology, treatment and prevention of osteoporosis and fractures, as well as sarcopenia, disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and rare or genetically determined bone diseases.