Evidences of Gonadal Impairment and Growth Acceleration in Barbonymus gonionotus Fed Papaw Seed: Sustainable Green Alternatives for Energy Portioning

IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 FISHERIES Journal of Applied Ichthyology Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI:10.1155/2024/5663091
Upendra Suman, Gusheinzed Waikhom, Soibam Khogen Singh, Yumnam Abungcha Mangang, Reshmi Debbarma, Pradyut Biswas, Pronob Das, Soibam Basanta Singh
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Abstract

Growth stagnation in early-maturing fish is a concern for higher fish productivity and may be regulated with reproductive arrest using phytochemicals. In this line, the study attempts to improve the growth of silver barb, Barbonymus gonionotus, through dietary pawpaw (Carica papaya) seed (PS) supplemented diets during a 60-day trial (30-days of feeding PS, followed by a 30-day recovery period). Four levels of PS at 0, 2, 4, and 6 g kg−1 diet were added to a commercial feed (32% crude protein) and fed to advanced fingerlings (19.08 ± 0.02 g) at 3% body weight, which forms the experimental groups, designated as control, T1, T2, and T3. Subsequent alterations in growth (% weight gain and specific growth rate), reproduction (gonadosomatic index (GSI) and gonadal histology), and physiological function (haematology and stress biomarkers, viz., cortisol and glucose) were examined at the end of the experiment. Observations noted at the end of the trial showed significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced growth in groups fed 2 g kg−1, but not significantly with control. GSI showed an extreme reduction in all groups as the level of supplementation increased with the lowest being noted in T3. Sex change was observed in T2 and T3, wherein only male populations were noticed. Gonadal histology demonstrates tissue-level generation in T1, compared with control. Tissue alteration (atrophy and necrosis) was noticed in the T2 and T3. The haematological profile indicates a gradual decrease in erythrocyte and leucocyte counts, packed cell volume, and haemoglobin in the T2 and T3 groups, compared with the T1 and control groups (P < 0.05). Serum biochemistry followed a similar trend. The levels of blood glucose and cortisol were higher in T2 and T3 (P < 0.05) than in the control and T1. The overall findings from this study reveal that dietary PS supplementation at 2 g kg−1 can enhance the growth of silver barb; however, higher doses suppress both growth and reproductive function, resulting in subsequent disturbances in physiology. Further studies regarding the molecular mechanism of such an outcome warrant immediate investigation.

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木瓜种子:可持续的绿色能源替代品--木瓜豚性腺损伤和生长加速的证据
早熟鱼类的生长停滞是提高鱼类生产力的一个问题,可通过使用植物化学物质来调节生殖停滞。为此,本研究尝试在为期 60 天的试验中(投喂 30 天 PS,然后是 30 天的恢复期),通过在日粮中添加木瓜种子(PS)来改善银鲫的生长。在商品饲料(32% 粗蛋白)中添加 0、2、4 和 6 g kg-1 四种水平的 PS,喂给体重为 3% 的高级雏鱼(19.08 ± 0.02 g),这些雏鱼组成实验组,分别称为对照组、T1 组、T2 组和 T3 组。实验结束时,对生长(增重百分比和特定生长率)、繁殖(性腺指数(GSI)和性腺组织学)和生理功能(血液学和应激生物标志物,即皮质醇和葡萄糖)的后续变化进行检测。试验结束时的观察结果表明,喂食 2 g kg-1 的组生长显著增强(P < 0.05),但与对照组相比并不显著。随着添加量的增加,所有组的 GSI 都出现了极度下降,其中 T3 组的 GSI 最低。在 T2 和 T3 组中观察到了性别变化,只有雄性种群。与对照组相比,T1 组的性腺组织学显示出组织水平的生成。在 T2 和 T3 中,组织发生了改变(萎缩和坏死)。血液学特征显示,与 T1 组和对照组相比,T2 组和 T3 组的红细胞和白细胞计数、充盈细胞体积和血红蛋白逐渐下降(P <0.05)。血清生化指标也呈类似趋势。T2 和 T3 组的血糖和皮质醇水平高于对照组和 T1 组(P < 0.05)。本研究的总体结果表明,膳食中补充 2 g kg-1 的 PS 可促进银鲫的生长,但更大剂量的 PS 会抑制银鲫的生长和生殖功能,从而导致生理紊乱。有关这种结果的分子机制的进一步研究值得立即进行。
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来源期刊
Journal of Applied Ichthyology
Journal of Applied Ichthyology 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
11.10%
发文量
73
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Applied Ichthyology publishes articles of international repute on ichthyology, aquaculture, and marine fisheries; ichthyopathology and ichthyoimmunology; environmental toxicology using fishes as test organisms; basic research on fishery management; and aspects of integrated coastal zone management in relation to fisheries and aquaculture. Emphasis is placed on the application of scientific research findings, while special consideration is given to ichthyological problems occurring in developing countries. Article formats include original articles, review articles, short communications and technical reports.
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