Bioclay Enzyme with Bimetal Synergistic Sterilization and Infectious Wound Regeneration

Abstract

Bacteria invasion is the main factor hindering the wound-healing process. However, current antibacterial therapies inevitably face complex challenges, such as the abuse of antibiotics or severe inflammation during treatment. Here, a drug-free bioclay enzyme (Bio-Clayzyme) consisting of Fe²⁺-tannic acid (TA) network-coated kaolinite nanoclay and glucose oxidase (GOx) was reported to destroy harmful bacteria via bimetal antibacterial therapy. At the wound site, Bio-Clayzyme was found to enhance the generation of toxic hydroxyl radicals for sterilization via cascade catalysis of GOx and Fe²⁺-mediated peroxidase mimetic activity. Specifically, the acidic characteristics of the infection microenvironment accelerated the release of Al³⁺ from kaolinite, which further led to bacterial membrane damage and amplified the antibacterial toxicity of Fe²⁺. Besides, Bio-Clayzyme also performed hemostasis and anti-inflammatory functions inherited from Kaol and TA. By the combination of hemostasis and anti-inflammatory and bimetal synergistic sterilization, Bio-Clayzyme achieves efficient healing of infected wounds, providing a revolutionary approach for infectious wound regeneration.