Air pollution and incident sarcoidosis in central Pennsylvania.

IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1080/15287394.2024.2369255
Jeff D Yanosky, Abigail Washington, Galen T Foulke, Daniel Guck, Melissa Butt, Matthew F Helm
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Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease predominantly affecting the lungs and inducing significant morbidity and elevated mortality rate. The etiology of the disease is unknown but may involve exposure to an antigenic agent and subsequent inflammatory response resulting in granuloma formation. Various environmental and occupational risk factors have been suggested by previous observations, such as moldy environments, insecticides, and bird breeding. Our study investigated the association of air pollution with diagnosis of sarcoidosis using a case-control design. Penn State Health electronic medical records from 2005 to 2018 were examined for adult patients with (cases) and without (controls) an International Classification of Disease (ICD)-9 or -10 code for sarcoidosis. Patient addresses were geocoded and 24-hr residential-level air pollution concentrations were estimated using spatio-temporal models of particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5), ozone, and PM2.5 elemental carbon (EC) and moving averages calculated. In total, 877 cases and 34,510 controls were identified. Logistic regression analysis did not identify significant associations between sarcoidosis incidence and air pollution exposure estimates. However, the odds ratio (OR) for EC for exposures occurring 7-10 years prior did approach statistical significance, and ORs exhibited an increasing trend for longer averaging periods. Data suggested a latency period of more than 6 years for PM2.5 and EC for reasons that are unclear. Overall, results for PM2.5 and EC suggest that long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution may contribute to the development of sarcoidosis and emphasize the need for additional research and, if the present findings are substantiated, for public health interventions addressing air quality as well as increasing disease surveillance in areas with a large burden of PM2.5 and EC.

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宾夕法尼亚州中部的空气污染和肉样瘤病。
肉样瘤病是一种主要影响肺部的慢性肉芽肿性疾病,发病率和死亡率都很高。该病的病因尚不清楚,但可能与接触抗原制剂以及随后的炎症反应导致肉芽肿形成有关。根据以往的观察,有多种环境和职业风险因素,如发霉环境、杀虫剂和鸟类繁殖。我们的研究采用病例对照设计,调查了空气污染与肉样瘤病诊断的关系。研究人员查阅了宾夕法尼亚州立卫生院 2005 年至 2018 年的电子病历,其中包括有(病例)和没有(对照)国际疾病分类 (ICD)-9 或 -10 肉样瘤病代码的成年患者。对患者地址进行了地理编码,并使用颗粒物 2.5)、臭氧和 PM2.5 元素碳(EC)的时空模型估算了 24 小时居民区空气污染浓度,并计算了移动平均值。总共确定了 877 个病例和 34 510 个对照。逻辑回归分析未发现肉样瘤病发病率与空气污染暴露估计值之间存在显著关联。不过,7-10 年前暴露于空气污染的肺结核发病率的几率比(OR)确实接近统计学意义,而且平均时间越长,几率比呈上升趋势。数据表明,PM2.5和EC的潜伏期超过6年,原因尚不清楚。总之,PM2.5和EC的研究结果表明,长期暴露于与交通相关的空气污染中可能会导致肉样瘤病的发生,因此有必要开展更多的研究,如果目前的研究结果得到证实,则有必要在PM2.5和EC污染严重的地区采取针对空气质量的公共卫生干预措施,并加强疾病监测。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
19.20%
发文量
46
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A , Current Issues is an authoritative journal that features strictly refereed original research in the field of environmental sciences, public and occupational health, and toxicology.
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