Psychosocial predictors of doping intentions and use in sport and exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 11.6 1区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES British Journal of Sports Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.1136/bjsports-2023-107910
Nikos Ntoumanis, Sigurd Dølven, Vassilis Barkoukis, Ian David Boardley, Johan S Hvidemose, Carsten B Juhl, Daniel F Gucciardi
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Abstract

Objective: To conduct a meta-analytic review of psychosocial predictors of doping intention, doping use and inadvertent doping in sport and exercise settings.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources: Scopus, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL Plus, ProQuest Dissertations/Theses and Open Grey.

Eligibility criteria: Studies (of any design) that measured the outcome variables of doping intention, doping use and/or inadvertent doping and at least one psychosocial determinant of those three variables.

Results: We included studies from 25 experiments (N=13 586) and 186 observational samples (N=3 09 130). Experimental groups reported lower doping intentions (g=-0.21, 95% CI (-0.31 to -0.12)) and doping use (g=-0.08, 95% CI (-0.14 to -0.03), but not inadvertent doping (g=-0.70, 95% CI (-1.95 to 0.55)), relative to comparators. For observational studies, protective factors were inversely associated with doping intentions (z=-0.28, 95% CI -0.31 to -0.24), doping use (z=-0.09, 95% CI -0.13 to to -0.05) and inadvertent doping (z=-0.19, 95% CI -0.32 to -0.06). Risk factors were positively associated with doping intentions (z=0.29, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.32) and use (z=0.17, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.19), but not inadvertent doping (z=0.08, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.22). Risk factors for both doping intentions and use included prodoping norms and attitudes, supplement use, body dissatisfaction and ill-being. Protective factors for both doping intentions and use included self-efficacy and positive morality.

Conclusion: This study identified several protective and risk factors for doping intention and use that may be viable intervention targets for antidoping programmes. Protective factors were negatively associated with inadvertent doping; however, the empirical volume is limited to draw firm conclusions.

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在体育运动中使用兴奋剂的意向和使用情况的社会心理预测因素:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
目的对体育运动中兴奋剂使用意向、兴奋剂使用和无意中使用兴奋剂的社会心理预测因素进行荟萃分析综述:设计:系统回顾和荟萃分析:数据来源:Scopus、Medline、Embase、PsychINFO、CINAHL Plus、ProQuest Dissertations/Theses 和 Open Grey:研究(设计不限):测量了兴奋剂使用意向、兴奋剂使用和/或无意中使用兴奋剂的结果变量,以及这三个变量的至少一个社会心理决定因素:我们纳入了 25 项实验研究(样本数=13 586)和 186 项观察样本研究(样本数=3 09 130)。实验组报告的使用兴奋剂的意向(g=-0.21,95% CI (-0.31 to -0.12))和使用兴奋剂的情况(g=-0.08,95% CI (-0.14 to -0.03))低于对照组,但无意中使用兴奋剂的情况(g=-0.70,95% CI (-1.95 to 0.55))低于对照组。在观察性研究中,保护性因素与使用兴奋剂的意向(z=-0.28,95% CI -0.31至-0.24)、使用兴奋剂(z=-0.09,95% CI -0.13至-0.05)和无意中使用兴奋剂(z=-0.19,95% CI -0.32至-0.06)呈反向关系。风险因素与兴奋剂使用意向(z=0.29,95% CI 0.26 至 0.32)和使用(z=0.17,95% CI 0.15 至 0.19)呈正相关,但与无意中使用(z=0.08,95% CI -0.06 至 0.22)无关。使用兴奋剂和有使用兴奋剂意向的风险因素包括使用兴奋剂的规范和态度、补充剂的使用、对身体的不满意度和不良情绪。使用兴奋剂和有使用兴奋剂意向的保护因素包括自我效能感和积极的道德观:本研究发现了一些影响兴奋剂使用意向和使用的保护因素和风险因素,这些因素可能是反兴奋剂计划的可行干预目标。保护性因素与无意中使用兴奋剂呈负相关;然而,由于经验有限,无法得出确切结论。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
27.10
自引率
4.90%
发文量
217
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM) is a dynamic platform that presents groundbreaking research, thought-provoking reviews, and meaningful discussions on sport and exercise medicine. Our focus encompasses various clinically-relevant aspects such as physiotherapy, physical therapy, and rehabilitation. With an aim to foster innovation, education, and knowledge translation, we strive to bridge the gap between research and practical implementation in the field. Our multi-media approach, including web, print, video, and audio resources, along with our active presence on social media, connects a global community of healthcare professionals dedicated to treating active individuals.
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