Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and the role of hormones in its aetiopathogenesis.

Endokrynologia Polska Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI:10.5603/ep.99689
Szymon Suwała, Roman Junik
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Abstract

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a newly coined term that links the presence of liver steatosis (characterised by the accumulation of lipids in at least 5% of liver cells) with a condition of overall systemic metabolic dysfunction. MAFLD impacts 24-36% of the global population. As per the official guidelines, a diagnosis of MAFLD can be made when hepatosteatosis is accompanied by type 2 diabetes mellitus, overweight, obesity, or at least 2 other specific metabolic abnormalities (increased waist circumference, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, prediabetes, elevated C-reactive protein level, or increased homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance: HOMA-IR). MAFLD is a heterogeneous illness associated with multiple diseases that impact various organs, particularly endocrine organs. Endocrinopathies can significantly influence the progression and severity of MAFLD. This paper provides a brief overview of the existing research on the connection between liver steatosis and the functioning of endocrine organs. The authors also propose dividing endocrine diseases into those having a possible, strong, and clear relationship with hepatosteatosis (for the purpose of preliminary recommendations regarding the need for monitoring the possible progression of MAFLD in these groups of patients).

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代谢相关性脂肪肝及其发病机制中激素的作用。
代谢相关性脂肪肝(MAFLD)是一个新造的术语,它将肝脏脂肪变性(特点是至少 5% 的肝细胞内有脂质堆积)与全身代谢功能障碍联系在一起。全球有 24%-36% 的人患有 MAFLD。根据官方指南,如果肝脂肪变性同时伴有 2 型糖尿病、超重、肥胖或至少 2 种其他特定代谢异常(腰围增大、高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病前期、C 反应蛋白水平升高或胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估值升高),则可诊断为 MAFLD:HOMA-IR)。MAFLD 是一种异质性疾病,与影响各种器官(尤其是内分泌器官)的多种疾病有关。内分泌疾病可显著影响 MAFLD 的进展和严重程度。本文简要概述了有关肝脏脂肪变性与内分泌器官功能之间联系的现有研究。作者还建议将内分泌疾病分为与肝脂肪变性关系可能、密切和明确的几类(以便就监测这几类患者的 MAFLD 可能进展的必要性提出初步建议)。
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