Soluble form of immune checkpoints in autoimmune diseases

IF 7.9 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Journal of autoimmunity Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103278

Li Yuan , Yuxia Wang , Xuxia Shen , Fujun Ma , Jun Wang , Fang Yan

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Abstract

Immune checkpoints are essential regulators of immune responses, either by activating or suppressing them. Consequently, they are regarded as pivotal elements in the management of infections, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. In recent years, researchers have identified numerous soluble immune checkpoints that are produced through various mechanisms and demonstrated biological activity. These soluble immune checkpoints can be produced and distributed in the bloodstream and various tissues, with their roles in immune response dysregulation and autoimmunity extensively documented. This review aims to provide a thorough overview of the generation of various soluble immune checkpoints, such as sPD-1, sCTLA-4, sTim-3, s4-1BB, sBTLA, sLAG-3, sCD200, and the B7 family, and their importance as indicators for the diagnosis and prediction of autoimmune conditions. Furthermore, the review will investigate the potential pathological mechanisms of soluble immune checkpoints in autoimmune diseases, emphasizing their association with autoimmune diseases development, prognosis, and treatment.

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自身免疫性疾病中的可溶性免疫检查点。

免疫检查点是免疫反应的重要调节器，可以激活或抑制免疫反应。因此，它们被认为是治疗感染、癌症和自身免疫性疾病的关键因素。近年来，研究人员发现了许多通过不同机制产生的可溶性免疫检查点，并证明了它们的生物活性。这些可溶性免疫检查点可在血液和各种组织中产生和分布，它们在免疫反应失调和自身免疫中的作用已被广泛记录。本综述旨在全面概述各种可溶性免疫检查点的产生，如 sPD-1、sCTLA-4、sTim-3、s4-1BB、sBTLA、sLAG-3、sCD200 和 B7 家族，以及它们作为自身免疫疾病诊断和预测指标的重要性。此外，该综述还将探讨可溶性免疫检查点在自身免疫性疾病中的潜在病理机制，强调它们与自身免疫性疾病的发展、预后和治疗的关系。

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来源期刊

Journal of autoimmunity 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

27.90

自引率

1.60%

发文量

117

审稿时长

17 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Autoimmunity serves as the primary publication for research on various facets of autoimmunity. These include topics such as the mechanism of self-recognition, regulation of autoimmune responses, experimental autoimmune diseases, diagnostic tests for autoantibodies, as well as the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of autoimmune diseases. While the journal covers a wide range of subjects, it emphasizes papers exploring the genetic, molecular biology, and cellular aspects of the field. The Journal of Translational Autoimmunity, on the other hand, is a subsidiary journal of the Journal of Autoimmunity. It focuses specifically on translating scientific discoveries in autoimmunity into clinical applications and practical solutions. By highlighting research that bridges the gap between basic science and clinical practice, the Journal of Translational Autoimmunity aims to advance the understanding and treatment of autoimmune diseases.