piRNA associates with immune diseases.

IF 8.2 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Cell Communication and Signaling Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI:10.1186/s12964-024-01724-5

Mingye Jiang, Xiaoning Hong, Yunfei Gao, Alvin T Kho, Kelan G Tantisira, Jiang Li

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Abstract

PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) is the most abundant small non-coding RNA in animal cells, typically 26-31 nucleotides in length and it binds with PIWI proteins, a subfamily of Argonaute proteins. Initially discovered in germ cells, piRNA is well known for its role in silencing transposons and maintaining genome integrity. However, piRNA is also present in somatic cells as well as in extracellular vesicles and exosomes. While piRNA has been extensively studied in various diseases, particular cancer, its function in immune diseases remains unclear. In this review, we summarize current research on piRNA in immune diseases. We first introduce the basic characteristics, biogenesis and functions of piRNA. Then, we review the association of piRNA with different types of immune diseases, including autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency diseases, infectious diseases, and other immune-related diseases. piRNA is considered a promising biomarker for diseases, highlighting the need for further research into its potential mechanisms in disease pathogenesis.

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piRNA 与免疫疾病的关系

PIWI-interacting RNA（piRNA）是动物细胞中最丰富的小型非编码 RNA，通常长度为 26-31 个核苷酸，它与 Argonaute 蛋白亚家族中的 PIWI 蛋白结合。piRNA 最初是在生殖细胞中发现的，因其在沉默转座子和保持基因组完整性方面的作用而广为人知。不过，piRNA 也存在于体细胞以及细胞外囊泡和外泌体中。虽然 piRNA 在各种疾病（尤其是癌症）中的作用已被广泛研究，但其在免疫疾病中的功能仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前有关免疫疾病中 piRNA 的研究。我们首先介绍了 piRNA 的基本特征、生物发生和功能。然后，我们综述了 piRNA 与不同类型免疫疾病的关系，包括自身免疫性疾病、免疫缺陷疾病、感染性疾病和其他免疫相关疾病。piRNA 被认为是一种很有前景的疾病生物标记物，这突出表明有必要进一步研究其在疾病发病机制中的潜在机制。

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来源期刊

Cell Communication and Signaling CELL BIOLOGY-

CiteScore

11.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

180

期刊介绍： Cell Communication and Signaling (CCS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal that focuses on cellular signaling pathways in both normal and pathological conditions. It publishes original research, reviews, and commentaries, welcoming studies that utilize molecular, morphological, biochemical, structural, and cell biology approaches. CCS also encourages interdisciplinary work and innovative models, including in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches, to facilitate investigations of cell signaling pathways, networks, and behavior. Starting from January 2019, CCS is proud to announce its affiliation with the International Cell Death Society. The journal now encourages submissions covering all aspects of cell death, including apoptotic and non-apoptotic mechanisms, cell death in model systems, autophagy, clearance of dying cells, and the immunological and pathological consequences of dying cells in the tissue microenvironment.