Resource use differences of two coexisting chironomid species at localized scales.

IF 2.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Oecologia Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1007/s00442-024-05584-1
Amanda R McCormick, Joseph S Phillips, Jamieson C Botsch, Jón S Ólafsson, Anthony R Ives
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Abstract

Competing species may show positive correlations in abundance through time and space if they rely on a shared resource. Such positive correlations might obscure resource partitioning that facilitates competitor coexistence. Here, we examine the potential for resource partitioning between two ecologically similar midge species (Diptera: Chironomidae) in Lake Mývatn, Iceland. Tanytarsus gracilentus and Chironomus islandicus show large, roughly synchronized population fluctuations, implying potential reliance on a shared fluctuating resource and thereby posing the question of how these species coexist at high larval abundances. We first considered spatial partitioning of larvae. Abundances of both species were positively correlated in space; thus, spatial partitioning across different sites in the lake did not appear to be strong. We then inferred differences in dietary resources with stable carbon isotopes. T. gracilentus larvae had significantly higher δ13C values than C. islandicus, suggesting interspecific differences in resource use. Differences in resource selectivity, tube-building behavior, and feeding styles may facilitate resource partitioning between these species. Relative to surface sediments, T. gracilentus had higher δ13C values, suggesting that they selectively graze on 13C-enriched resources such as productive algae from the surface of their tubes. In contrast, C. islandicus had lower δ13C values than surface sediments, suggesting reliance on 13C-depleted resources that may include detrital organic matter and associated microbes that larvae selectively consume from the sediment surface or within their burrow walls. Overall, our study illustrates that coexisting and ecologically similar species may show positive correlations in space and time while using different resources at fine spatial scales.

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两种共存摇蚊在局部尺度上的资源利用差异。
如果相互竞争的物种依赖于一种共享资源,它们的丰度在时间和空间上可能会呈现正相关。这种正相关性可能会掩盖有利于竞争者共存的资源分配。在这里,我们研究了冰岛米瓦特恩湖两种生态学上相似的蠓科(双翅目:摇蚊科)之间的资源分配潜力。Tanytarsus gracilentus 和 Chironomus islandicus 的种群波动较大且大致同步,这意味着它们可能依赖于共同的波动资源,从而提出了这两个物种如何在高幼虫丰度下共存的问题。我们首先考虑了幼虫的空间分区。两个物种的丰度在空间上呈正相关;因此,湖中不同地点的空间分区似乎并不强烈。然后,我们利用稳定碳同位素推断了食物资源的差异。T. gracilentus幼虫的δ13C值明显高于C. islandicus,这表明资源利用存在种间差异。资源选择性、造管行为和摄食方式的差异可能会促进这些物种之间的资源分配。相对于表层沉积物,T. gracilentus的δ13C值较高,这表明它们选择性地捕食富含13C的资源,如管状体表面的丰产藻类。相比之下,C. islandicus的δ13C值低于表层沉积物,这表明它们依赖于13C贫化的资源,其中可能包括幼虫从沉积物表面或洞穴壁中选择性捕食的碎屑有机物和相关微生物。总之,我们的研究表明,共存的生态学相似物种可能会在空间和时间上表现出正相关性,同时在细微空间尺度上使用不同的资源。
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来源期刊
Oecologia
Oecologia 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
192
审稿时长
5.3 months
期刊介绍: Oecologia publishes innovative ecological research of international interest. We seek reviews, advances in methodology, and original contributions, emphasizing the following areas: Population ecology, Plant-microbe-animal interactions, Ecosystem ecology, Community ecology, Global change ecology, Conservation ecology, Behavioral ecology and Physiological Ecology. In general, studies that are purely descriptive, mathematical, documentary, and/or natural history will not be considered.
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