Incidence of myopia in Swedish schoolchildren: A longitudinal study.

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI:10.1111/opo.13359

Pelsin Demir, Karthikeyan Baskaran, Pedro Lima Ramos, Thomas Naduvilath, Padmaja Sankaridurg, Antonio Filipe Macedo

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Abstract

Purpose: The prevalence of myopia in Scandinavia tends to be lower than in other parts of the world. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of myopia and its predictors in Swedish children to characterise this trend.

Methods: A 2-year longitudinal study was conducted following a cohort of schoolchildren aged 8-16 years. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≤ -0.50 D. The study enrolled 128 participants, 70 (55%) females with a mean age of 12.0 years (SD = 2.4).

Results: The cumulative incidence of myopia during the follow-up period was 5.5%, and the incidence rate of myopia was 3.2 cases per 100 person-years. Participants with myopia at baseline exhibited a faster increase in refractive error during the follow-up period. Likewise, participants with two myopic parents exhibited a more marked change towards myopia, regardless of their initial refractive error.

Conclusion: In the current study, similar to prevalence, the incidence of myopia was low when compared with other parts of the world. These results lead us to formulate a new hypothesis that the normal emmetropisation process may be protected by low educational pressure practised in Sweden during early childhood. Further research is necessary to test this new hypothesis.

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瑞典学童的近视发生率：纵向研究

目的：斯堪的纳维亚半岛的近视发病率往往低于世界其他地区。本研究旨在调查瑞典儿童的近视发生率及其预测因素，以了解这一趋势的特点：对 8-16 岁的学龄儿童进行了为期两年的纵向研究。近视被定义为球面等效屈光度（SER）≤-0.50 D。研究共招募了 128 名参与者，其中 70 名（55%）为女性，平均年龄为 12.0 岁（SD = 2.4）：随访期间的累计近视发病率为 5.5%，近视发病率为每百人年 3.2 例。基线值为近视的参与者在随访期间屈光不正的增长速度更快。同样，父母双方都是近视眼的参与者，无论其最初的屈光不正如何，近视度数的变化都更为明显：在本次研究中，与世界其他地区相比，近视的发病率较低，这与发病率相似。这些结果使我们提出了一个新的假设，即瑞典幼儿时期的低教育压力可能会保护正常的散光过程。要验证这一新的假设，还需要进一步的研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

13.80%

发文量

135

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics, first published in 1925, is a leading international interdisciplinary journal that addresses basic and applied questions pertinent to contemporary research in vision science and optometry. OPO publishes original research papers, technical notes, reviews and letters and will interest researchers, educators and clinicians concerned with the development, use and restoration of vision.