Are pharmaceutical residues in crops a threat to human health?

IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-03 DOI:10.1080/15287394.2024.2371418
Kirsten Earl, Harriet Sleight, Nahum Ashfield, Alistair B A Boxall
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Abstract

The application of biosolids, manure, and slurry onto agricultural soils and the growing use of treated wastewater in agriculture result in the introduction of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals to the environment. Once in the soil environment, pharmaceuticals may be taken up by crops, resulting in consequent human exposure to pharmaceutical residues. The potential side effects of pharmaceuticals administered in human medicine are widely documented; however, far less is known regarding the risks that arise from incidental dietary exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate human exposure to pharmaceutical residues in crops and assess the associated risk to health for a range of pharmaceuticals frequently detected in soils. Estimated concentrations of carbamazepine, oxytetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and tetracycline in soil were used in conjunction with plant uptake and crop consumption data to estimate daily exposures to each compound. Exposure concentrations were compared to Acceptable Daily Intakes (ADIs) to determine the level of risk. Generally, exposure concentrations were lower than ADIs. The exceptions were carbamazepine, and trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole under conservative, worst-case scenarios, where a potential risk to human health was predicted. Future research therefore needs to prioritize investigation into the health effects following exposure to these compounds from consumption of contaminated crops.

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农作物中的药物残留会威胁人类健康吗?
在农业土壤中施用生物固体、粪便和泥浆,以及在农业中越来越多地使用经过处理的废水,都会导致人类和兽医药物进入环境。一旦进入土壤环境,药物可能会被作物吸收,从而导致人类接触到药物残留。人类用药的潜在副作用已被广泛记录在案,然而,人们对从饮食中偶然接触药物所产生的风险却知之甚少。这项研究的目的是评估人类接触农作物中药物残留的情况,并评估土壤中经常检测到的一系列药物的相关健康风险。土壤中卡马西平、土霉素、磺胺甲噁唑、三甲氧苄啶和四环素的估计浓度与植物吸收和作物消耗数据相结合,用于估算每种化合物的日暴露量。将暴露浓度与每日允许摄入量(ADI)进行比较,以确定风险水平。一般来说,暴露浓度低于每日允许摄入量。但卡马西平、三甲双胍和磺胺甲噁唑除外,在保守的最坏情况下,它们对人体健康的潜在风险是可以预测的。因此,未来的研究需要优先调查因食用受污染作物而接触这些化合物对健康的影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
19.20%
发文量
46
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A , Current Issues is an authoritative journal that features strictly refereed original research in the field of environmental sciences, public and occupational health, and toxicology.
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