Advances in modeling permeability and selectivity of the blood-brain barrier using microfluidics

IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Microfluidics and Nanofluidics Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI:10.1007/s10404-024-02741-z
Jindi Sun, Shang Song
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Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain by actively allowing the entry of ions and nutrients while limiting the passage of from toxins and pathogens. A healthy BBB has low permeability and high selectivity to maintain normal brain functions. Increased BBB permeability can result from neurological diseases and traumatic injuries. Modern engineering technologies such as microfluidics and fabrication techniques have advanced the development of BBB models to simulate the basic functions of BBB. However, the intrinsic BBB properties are difficult to replicate. Existing in vitro BBB models demonstrate inconsistent BBB permeability and selectivity due to variations in microfluidic design, cell types and arrangement, expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins, and use of shear stress. Specifically, microfluidic designs have flow channels of different sizes, complexity, topology, and modular structure. Different cell types are selected to mimic various physiological conditions. These factors make it challenging to compare results obtained using different experimental setups. This paper highlights key factors that play important roles in influencing microfluidic models and discusses how these factors contribute to permeability and selectivity of the BBB models.

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利用微流体技术建立血脑屏障渗透性和选择性模型的进展
血脑屏障(BBB)通过积极允许离子和营养物质的进入,同时限制毒素和病原体的通过来保护大脑。健康的血脑屏障具有低渗透性和高选择性,以维持正常的大脑功能。神经系统疾病和外伤会导致 BBB 渗透性增加。微流控和制造技术等现代工程技术推动了 BBB 模型的发展,以模拟 BBB 的基本功能。然而,BBB 的内在特性很难复制。由于微流控设计、细胞类型和排列、紧密连接(TJ)蛋白的表达以及剪切应力的使用存在差异,现有的体外 BBB 模型显示出不一致的 BBB 通透性和选择性。具体来说,微流体设计有不同大小、复杂程度、拓扑结构和模块结构的流道。选择不同的细胞类型是为了模拟各种生理条件。这些因素使得比较使用不同实验装置获得的结果具有挑战性。本文强调了影响微流控模型的关键因素,并讨论了这些因素如何影响 BBB 模型的渗透性和选择性。
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来源期刊
Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 工程技术-纳米科技
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.60%
发文量
97
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Microfluidics and Nanofluidics is an international peer-reviewed journal that aims to publish papers in all aspects of microfluidics, nanofluidics and lab-on-a-chip science and technology. The objectives of the journal are to (1) provide an overview of the current state of the research and development in microfluidics, nanofluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices, (2) improve the fundamental understanding of microfluidic and nanofluidic phenomena, and (3) discuss applications of microfluidics, nanofluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices. Topics covered in this journal include: 1.000 Fundamental principles of micro- and nanoscale phenomena like, flow, mass transport and reactions 3.000 Theoretical models and numerical simulation with experimental and/or analytical proof 4.000 Novel measurement & characterization technologies 5.000 Devices (actuators and sensors) 6.000 New unit-operations for dedicated microfluidic platforms 7.000 Lab-on-a-Chip applications 8.000 Microfabrication technologies and materials Please note, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics does not publish manuscripts studying pure microscale heat transfer since there are many journals that cover this field of research (Journal of Heat Transfer, Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, etc.).
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