Anjali V. Nair, Silpasree S. Jayasree, Dona Susan Baji, Shantikumar Nair and Dhamodaran Santhanagopalan
{"title":"Environment-friendly acids for leaching transition metals from spent-NMC532 cathode and sustainable conversion to potential anodes†","authors":"Anjali V. Nair, Silpasree S. Jayasree, Dona Susan Baji, Shantikumar Nair and Dhamodaran Santhanagopalan","doi":"10.1039/D4SU00209A","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >For a clean and sustainable world, energy storage systems like Li-ion batteries (LIBs) will play a vital role due to their wide range of applications. The exponential growth of batteries will lead to the generation of a substantial number of failed batteries in the near future. As a consequence, recycling will play a crucial role to reduce e-waste and to scale down the mining of virgin materials. Herein, we demonstrate a strategic approach to reduce e-waste and effectively reuse the same materials by regenerating batteries, enabling a circular economy. The study focuses on the recycling and regeneration of LiNi<small><sub>0.5</sub></small>Mn<small><sub>0.3</sub></small>Co<small><sub>0.2</sub></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small> (NMC532) cathode material <em>via</em> a hydrometallurgical process with two different environmentally friendly acids. The regenerated materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Regenerated mixed metal phosphide and oxide anodes exhibited excellent electrochemical performance in an LIB system. This work opens up the scope for a simple and scalable approach to develop the recycling and regeneration of NMC batteries, which will facilitate a circular economy, thereby leading the way for more developments in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":74745,"journal":{"name":"RSC sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/su/d4su00209a?page=search","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"RSC sustainability","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/su/d4su00209a","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
For a clean and sustainable world, energy storage systems like Li-ion batteries (LIBs) will play a vital role due to their wide range of applications. The exponential growth of batteries will lead to the generation of a substantial number of failed batteries in the near future. As a consequence, recycling will play a crucial role to reduce e-waste and to scale down the mining of virgin materials. Herein, we demonstrate a strategic approach to reduce e-waste and effectively reuse the same materials by regenerating batteries, enabling a circular economy. The study focuses on the recycling and regeneration of LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC532) cathode material via a hydrometallurgical process with two different environmentally friendly acids. The regenerated materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Regenerated mixed metal phosphide and oxide anodes exhibited excellent electrochemical performance in an LIB system. This work opens up the scope for a simple and scalable approach to develop the recycling and regeneration of NMC batteries, which will facilitate a circular economy, thereby leading the way for more developments in this field.