Seeing across variable ecological and social environments: comparative eye morphology of marine and terrestrial hermit crabs (Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae, Paguridae)

IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Journal of Crustacean Biology Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI:10.1093/jcbiol/ruae025
Elliott P Steele, Mark E Laidre
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Abstract

Vision is a ubiquitous sensory modality adapted to vastly different environments, which place variable selection pressures on both macro- and microscopic dimensions of external eye morphology. The hermit crab clade (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) spans environments from sea to land, yet, no systematic comparisons in eye morphology have been made between any species. We compared three species of hermit crabs inhabiting different ecological and social environments: two terrestrial species, one of which (Coenobita compressusH. Milne Edwards, 1837) is highly social and inhabits a flat, open diurnal habitat, and another (C. clypeatus Herbst, 1791) is its sister species that inhabits a rugged forested nocturnal habitat; and a third (Pagurus longicarpusSay, 1817) inhabits a marine intertidal habitat and is less social. We compared macroscopic eye morphology between species as well as microscopic differences in ommatidium-facet density and diameter within eyes. We found that eye dimensions (length, width, and thickness), but not overall volume, differed significantly between marine and terrestrial species. Furthermore, the highly social C. compressus had a significantly larger eye volume compared to its sister species, C. clypeatus, which is not as social. Larger eyes in C. compressus might be linked to its social lifestyle, where vision has been shown to be critical to finding conspecifics. All three species had a higher density of facets in the ventral compared to dorsal region of the eye. Our comparisons of external eye morphology revealed microscopic similarities but notable macroscopic variation between species, thus laying a foundation for future phylogenetically controlled tests within this species-rich clade, including comparisons of internal eye morphology.
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在多变的生态和社会环境中的视觉:海洋和陆地寄居蟹(十足目:无尾目:寄居蟹科、寄居蟹目)的眼部形态比较
视觉是一种无处不在的感官模式,能适应千差万别的环境,而这些环境对眼睛外部形态的宏观和微观层面都有不同的选择压力。寄居蟹支系(甲壳纲:十足目:无尾目)跨越从海洋到陆地的各种环境,但目前还没有任何物种之间眼睛形态的系统比较。我们比较了栖息在不同生态和社会环境中的三个寄居蟹物种:两个陆生物种,其中一个(Coenobita compressusH. Milne Edwards, 1837)具有高度的社会性,栖息在平坦、开阔的夜间栖息地,另一个(C. clypeatus Herbst, 1791)是其姊妹物种,栖息在崎岖的森林夜间栖息地;第三个(Pagurus longicarpusSay, 1817)栖息在海洋潮间带栖息地,社会性较弱。我们比较了不同物种眼球的宏观形态以及眼球内膜面密度和直径的微观差异。我们发现,海洋物种和陆地物种的眼睛尺寸(长度、宽度和厚度)有显著差异,但总体体积没有差异。此外,与社会性较弱的姊妹物种 C. clypeatus 相比,社会性较强的 C. compressus 的眼睛体积明显更大。C.compressus的眼睛较大可能与它的社会生活方式有关,在这种生活方式中,视觉对寻找同类至关重要。这三个物种的眼球腹面的刻面密度都高于眼球背面。我们对外眼形态的比较发现了物种间微观上的相似性和宏观上的显著差异,从而为今后在这一物种丰富的支系中进行系统发育控制测试(包括内眼形态的比较)奠定了基础。
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来源期刊
Journal of Crustacean Biology
Journal of Crustacean Biology 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
66
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Crustacean Biology is the official journal of The Crustacean Society, publishing peer-reviewed research on all aspects of crustacean biology and other marine arthropods. Papers are published in English only, but abstracts or summaries in French, German, Portuguese, or Spanish may be added when appropriate.
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