Infinite Order Differential Operators Associated with Superoscillations in the Half-Plane Barrier

Abstract

Superoscillations are a phenomenon in physics, where linear combinations of low-frequency plane waves interfere almost destructively in such a way that the resulting wave has a higher frequency than any of the individual waves. The evolution of superoscillatory initial datum under the time dependent Schrödinger equation is stable in free space, but in general it is unclear whether it can be preserved in the presence of an external potential. In this paper, we consider the two-dimensional problem of superoscillations interacting with a half-plane barrier, where homogeneous Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions are imposed on the negative \(x_2\)-semiaxis. We use the Fresnel integral technique to write the wave function as an absolute convergent Green’s function integral. Moreover, we introduce the propagator of the Schrödinger equation in form of an infinite order differential operator, acting continuously on the function space of exponentially bounded entire functions. In particular, this operator allows to prove that the property of superoscillations is preserved in the form of a similar phenomenon called supershift, which is stable over time.