In-Situ Observation and Discrete Element Simulation of Solid Graphite Lubrication Mechanism

IF 2.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Tribology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI:10.1007/s11249-024-01881-1
Junchao Kong, Qiangqiang Zhang, Bing Xu, Gang Wang, Huifang Dong
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Abstract

Solid lubrication is a green manufacturing technology with high efficiency, which saves energy and material and thus it is suitable for extreme conditions in mechanical engineering fields such as aerospace and high temperature mold. In this study, a graphite layer of specified thickness was prepared on the end face of the upper specimen by the directional spray method. The effect of velocity and load on the friction characteristics of the graphite layer were investigated using a friction tester capable of real time observation of the friction interface. Subsequently, a 3D surface profilometer, SEM, and EDS were used to characterize the morphology and elemental composition of the worn surfaces. The results show that the lubrication performance of the graphite layer is most effective with a flatter worn surface (Sa and SZ are smaller) and higher carbon content when the velocity is 12.5 mm/s and the load is 4N. Meanwhile, force chains are short, numerous and lasting for a long time, while being uniformly distributed in all directions and velocity fluctuates greatly, with slowly decreased coordination numbers. This study aims to provide a reasonable explanation for the mechanisms by which velocity and load influence the lubrication effect of the powder layer.

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固体石墨润滑机理的原位观测和离散元模拟
固体润滑是一种绿色制造技术,具有高效、节能、节材等优点,适用于航空航天、高温模具等机械工程领域的极端条件。本研究采用定向喷涂法在上部试样的端面上制备了指定厚度的石墨层。使用摩擦测试仪实时观察摩擦界面,研究速度和载荷对石墨层摩擦特性的影响。随后,使用三维表面轮廓仪、扫描电镜和 EDS 表征了磨损表面的形态和元素组成。结果表明,当速度为 12.5 mm/s、载荷为 4N 时,磨损表面较平(Sa 和 SZ 较小)、碳含量较高的石墨层润滑性能最佳。同时,力链短而多,持续时间长,均匀分布于各个方向,速度波动大,配位数缓慢减少。本研究旨在合理解释速度和载荷对粉末层润滑效果的影响机制。
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来源期刊
Tribology Letters
Tribology Letters 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
9.40%
发文量
116
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: Tribology Letters is devoted to the development of the science of tribology and its applications, particularly focusing on publishing high-quality papers at the forefront of tribological science and that address the fundamentals of friction, lubrication, wear, or adhesion. The journal facilitates communication and exchange of seminal ideas among thousands of practitioners who are engaged worldwide in the pursuit of tribology-based science and technology.
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