Orbital phases of $p$-band ultracold fermions in the frustrated triangular lattice

Jiaqi Wu, Hui Tan, Rui Cao, Jianmin Yuan, Yongqiang Li
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Abstract

Orbital degrees of freedom play an important role for understanding the emergence of unconventional quantum phases. Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices provide a wonderful platform to simulate orbital physics. In this work, we consider spinless fermionic atoms loaded into $p$-orbital bands of a two-dimensional frustrated triangular lattice. The system can be described by an extended Fermi-Hubbard model, which is numerically solved by using the orbital version of real-space dynamical mean-field theory. Low-temperature phase diagrams are obtained, which contain stripe-, ferro- and para-orbital ordered quantum phases, due to the interplay of anisotropic hoppings and geometrical frustration. In order to understand the underlying mechanics of competing orbital orders, we derive an effective orbital-exchange model, which yields consistent explanation with our main numerical results.
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受挫三角形晶格中 p$ 带超冷费米子的轨道相位
轨道自由度对于理解非常规量子相的出现起着重要作用。光阵中的超冷原子气体为模拟轨道物理提供了一个绝佳的平台。在这项研究中,我们考虑将无自旋费米子原子装入二维受挫三角形晶格的 $p$ 轨道带中。该系统可以用扩展的费米-哈伯德模型来描述,并使用轨道版的实空间动态均场理论进行数值求解。由于各向异性跳变和几何挫折的相互作用,得到了低温相图,其中包含条纹、铁和准轨道有序量子相。为了理解轨道有序竞争的基本力学原理,我们推导了一个有效的轨道交换模型,它与我们的主要数值结果产生了一致的解释。
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