Kenneth J. Cheng, Dengcheng Feng, Luke M. Schmidt, Michael Turner, Philip D. Evans
{"title":"Super-Black Material Created by Plasma Etching Wood","authors":"Kenneth J. Cheng, Dengcheng Feng, Luke M. Schmidt, Michael Turner, Philip D. Evans","doi":"10.1002/adsu.202400184","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>A super-black wood with low reflectivity in the UV/Vis range is created by plasma modifying basswood surfaces. Here the super-black wood is characterized, the process used to make it is described and its possible practical uses are discussed. Wood samples are exposed to oxygen glow-discharge plasma. Transverse surfaces exposed to high-energy plasma have a deep-black velvety appearance. The reflectance of these surfaces is measured and compared with those of commercial super-black materials. The reflectivity of samples over a narrower wavelength range is measured with a spectrophotometer and converted into lightness values. The microstructure and surface chemistry of super-black wood are examined using SEM/X-ray micro-CT and FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. Transverse basswood samples modified with high-energy plasma have reflectivity averaging 0.68% (300–700 nm). The super-black color of plasma-modified wood is retained when it is coated with gold/vanadium alloy indicating structural coloration. Plasma creates a low density, lignin-enriched surface with deep pits, columns and tangled fibrils; features also found in synthetic super-black materials. In conclusion, this method of creating a super-black material by plasma-modification of basswood does not require a lithography pre-step, generates no liquid waste and, as is demonstrated here, can be used to prototype luxury consumer products.</p>","PeriodicalId":7294,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Sustainable Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adsu.202400184","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advanced Sustainable Systems","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adsu.202400184","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A super-black wood with low reflectivity in the UV/Vis range is created by plasma modifying basswood surfaces. Here the super-black wood is characterized, the process used to make it is described and its possible practical uses are discussed. Wood samples are exposed to oxygen glow-discharge plasma. Transverse surfaces exposed to high-energy plasma have a deep-black velvety appearance. The reflectance of these surfaces is measured and compared with those of commercial super-black materials. The reflectivity of samples over a narrower wavelength range is measured with a spectrophotometer and converted into lightness values. The microstructure and surface chemistry of super-black wood are examined using SEM/X-ray micro-CT and FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. Transverse basswood samples modified with high-energy plasma have reflectivity averaging 0.68% (300–700 nm). The super-black color of plasma-modified wood is retained when it is coated with gold/vanadium alloy indicating structural coloration. Plasma creates a low density, lignin-enriched surface with deep pits, columns and tangled fibrils; features also found in synthetic super-black materials. In conclusion, this method of creating a super-black material by plasma-modification of basswood does not require a lithography pre-step, generates no liquid waste and, as is demonstrated here, can be used to prototype luxury consumer products.
期刊介绍:
Advanced Sustainable Systems, a part of the esteemed Advanced portfolio, serves as an interdisciplinary sustainability science journal. It focuses on impactful research in the advancement of sustainable, efficient, and less wasteful systems and technologies. Aligned with the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, the journal bridges knowledge gaps between fundamental research, implementation, and policy-making. Covering diverse topics such as climate change, food sustainability, environmental science, renewable energy, water, urban development, and socio-economic challenges, it contributes to the understanding and promotion of sustainable systems.