Correction to “Expression of Concern: Wang, C., Zhang, Q., Liu, W., Liu, Y. & Miao, L. Facial feature discovery for ethnicity recognition. WIREsData Mining Knowl. Discov. 9, e1278 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1278”

Abstract

Wang, C., Zhang, Q., Liu, W., Liu, Y. & Miao, L. Facial feature discovery for ethnicity recognition. WIREs Data Mining Knowl. Discov. 9, e1278 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1278. WIREs Data Mining Knowl. Discov., 10, e1386 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1386

The originally published version of this Expression of Concern has been updated to include new information raised to us by a third party. The corrected version is also presented here with the amended text in bold.

This Expression of Concern is for the above article, published online on August 2, 2018, in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) and has been published by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Witold Pedrycz, and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The Expression of Concern has been agreed due to concerns raised regarding possible misrepresentation of the data set of facial images used in this article. Based on information provided by the authors, data collection for the above mentioned article took place in 2014. However, it has subsequently been noted that images from this same data set have purportedly been used in Duan et al. (2010), Wang et al. (2018), in which the data reported was purportedly collected in 2012 and the article co-authored by the corresponding author of the above mentioned article, and Ma (2012), which acknowledges the guidance and support of the corresponding author of the above mentioned article in the student's thesis work and includes at least one similar data point to the above mentioned article in the form of a facial image. The journal therefore has concerns about when data collection actually took place. Additionally, Figure 1 in the above mentioned article appears to be the same as Figure 1 in Wang et al. (2018), though there is no citation, and permission was not obtained to reuse the figure. The authors have not provided further information to the journal to help clarify when data collection took place. As a result, the journal has decided to issue an Expression of Concern to readers.

The online version of the originally published Expression of Concern has been corrected accordingly.

REFERENCES

Duan, X., Wang, C., Liu, X., Li, Z., Wu, J., & Zhang, H. (2010). Ethnic Features Extraction and Recognition of Human Faces. 2010 second International Conference on Advanced Computer Control, 2, 125–130. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACC.2010.5487194

Wang, C., Zhang, Q., Dian, X., & Gan, J. (2018). Multi-ethnical Chinese facial characterization and analysis. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 77, 30,311–30,329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6,018-1

Ma, Y. (2012). The Technique Research of Multi-Minorities Facial Expression Understanding and Analysis [Master's Thesis, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China]. https://www.doc88.com/p-6721329496334.html