Therapeutic Potential of Pyrazole Containing Compounds: an Updated Review

Abstract

Among a large number of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, pyrazole is a privileged scaffold with the molecular formula C₃H₃N₂H. It consists of a five-membered ring with 3-carbon atoms and 2-nitrogen atoms which are present in adjacent positions. The nucleus has attracted synthetic interest due to numerous pharmacological activities. This molecule is used as one of the basic moieties for leads in the area of drug discovery and development and thereby plays a vital role in the field of medicinal chemistry. The present review article highlights the SAR studies of potent compounds of pyrazole and its derivatives (2015–2022) reported as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, antimycobacterial, antineurodegenerative and antioxidant. Furthermore, a patent application published in this period is also discussed. Google, PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were primarily used for article search, whereas the databases used for the pyrazole patent were Espacenet, Google Patent, and SciFinder. More than one hundred thirty papers were screened after which inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to make this review article. We hope the current review article can pave the way for the future drug design and development of pyrazole derivatives as a potential drug candidate.