The biological characteristics and infection dynamics of a novel H3N2 canine influenza virus genotype in beagles.

IF 5.4 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL ACS Applied Energy Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI:10.1186/s12985-024-02422-x

Fei-Fei Ge, Hai-Xiao Shen, De-Quan Yang, Xian-Chao Yang, Xin Li, Jian Wang, Shixin Huang

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Abstract

Background: The canine influenza virus (CIV) outbreak has garnered considerable attention as it poses a significant threat to dog health. During the H3N2 CIV evolution in beagles, the virus formed a new clade after 2019 and gradually became more adaptable to other mammals. Therefore, successfully elucidating the biological characteristics and constructing a canine influenza infection model is required for CIV characterization.

Methods: We performed genetic analyses to examine the biological characteristics and infection dynamics of CIV.

Results: The genotype of our H3N2 CIV strain (from 2019 in Shanghai) belonged to the 5.1 clade, which is now prevalent in China. Using MDCK cells, we investigated viral cytopathic effects. Virus size and morphology were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Beagles were also infected with 10⁴, 10⁵, and 10⁶ 50% egg-infectious doses (EID₅₀). When compared with the other groups, the 10⁶ EID₅₀ group showed the most obvious clinical symptoms, the highest virus titers, and typical lung pathological changes. Our results suggested that the other two treatments caused mild clinical manifestations and pathological changes. Subsequently, CIV distribution in the 10⁶ EID₅₀ group was detected by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining, which indicated that CIV primarily infected the lungs.

Conclusions: The framework established in this study will guide further CIV prevention strategies.

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新型 H3N2 犬流感病毒基因型在小猎犬中的生物学特征和感染动态。

背景：犬流感病毒（CIV）疫情对狗的健康构成了重大威胁，因此备受关注。在小猎犬的 H3N2 CIV 进化过程中，病毒在 2019 年之后形成了一个新的支系，并逐渐变得更适应其他哺乳动物。因此，成功阐明CIV的生物学特征并构建犬流感感染模型是CIV特征描述的必要条件：方法：我们进行了基因分析，以研究CIV的生物学特征和感染动态：结果：我们的H3N2 CIV菌株（2019年来自上海）的基因型属于目前在中国流行的5.1支系。我们使用 MDCK 细胞研究了病毒的细胞病理效应。我们使用透射电子显微镜观察了病毒的大小和形态。比格犬也分别感染了104、105和106个50%卵感染剂量（EID50）的病毒。与其他组相比，106 EID50 组临床症状最明显，病毒滴度最高，肺部病理变化最典型。我们的结果表明，其他两种治疗方法引起的临床表现和病理变化较轻。随后，通过苏木精和伊红（H&E）及免疫荧光（IF）染色检测了CIV在106 EID50组的分布，结果表明CIV主要感染肺部：本研究建立的框架将为进一步的 CIV 预防策略提供指导。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Energy Materials Materials Science-Materials Chemistry

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1368

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Energy Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of materials, engineering, chemistry, physics and biology relevant to energy conversion and storage. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important energy applications.