Cut from the same cloth: RNAs transcribed from regulatory elements

IF 2.6 3区生物学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Gene Regulatory Mechanisms Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2024.195049

E.M. Stasevich , A.V. Simonova , E.A. Bogomolova , M.M. Murashko , A.N. Uvarova , E.A. Zheremyan , K.V. Korneev , A.M. Schwartz , D.V. Kuprash , D.E. Demin

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Abstract

A certain degree of chromatin openness is necessary for the activity of transcription-regulating regions within the genome, facilitating accessibility to RNA polymerases and subsequent synthesis of regulatory element RNAs (regRNAs) from these regions. The rapidly increasing number of studies underscores the significance of regRNAs across diverse cellular processes and diseases, challenging the paradigm that these transcripts are non-functional transcriptional noise. This review explores the multifaceted roles of regRNAs in human cells, encompassing rather well-studied entities such as promoter RNAs and enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), while also providing insights into overshadowed silencer RNAs and insulator RNAs. Furthermore, we assess notable examples of shorter regRNAs, like miRNAs, snRNAs, and snoRNAs, playing important roles. Expanding our discourse, we deliberate on the potential usage of regRNAs as biomarkers and novel targets for cancer and other human diseases.

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一脉相承：从调控元件转录的 RNA

一定程度的染色质开放性是基因组内转录调控区域活动的必要条件，它有利于 RNA 聚合酶的访问，以及随后从这些区域合成调控元件 RNA（regRNA）。迅速增加的研究强调了 regRNAs 在各种细胞过程和疾病中的重要性，挑战了这些转录本是无功能转录噪音的范式。这篇综述探讨了 regRNA 在人体细胞中的多方面作用，其中包括启动子 RNA 和增强子 RNA（eRNA）等研究得比较透彻的实体，同时也对被忽视的沉默子 RNA 和绝缘子 RNA 提供了见解。此外，我们还评估了较短的 regRNAs（如 miRNAs、snRNAs 和 snoRNAs）发挥重要作用的显著实例。我们将进一步探讨 regRNAs 作为生物标记物和癌症及其他人类疾病新靶点的潜在用途。

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来源期刊

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Gene Regulatory Mechanisms 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

2.10%

发文量

审稿时长

44 days

期刊介绍： BBA Gene Regulatory Mechanisms includes reports that describe novel insights into mechanisms of transcriptional, post-transcriptional and translational gene regulation. Special emphasis is placed on papers that identify epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation, including chromatin, modification, and remodeling. This section also encompasses mechanistic studies of regulatory proteins and protein complexes; regulatory or mechanistic aspects of RNA processing; regulation of expression by small RNAs; genomic analysis of gene expression patterns; and modeling of gene regulatory pathways. Papers describing gene promoters, enhancers, silencers or other regulatory DNA regions must incorporate significant functions studies.