Irregular red blood cell antibodies, abnormal hemoglobin and dangerous universal blood donor insights from a public blood center in a Brazilian metropolitan area

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 HEMATOLOGY Transfusion and Apheresis Science Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI:10.1016/j.transci.2024.103963

Laiane da Silva Santos , Sérgio Eduardo Soares Fernandes , Anna Luiza Oliveira Sant’Anna , Flávio Ferreira Pontes Amorim , Felipe Ferreira Pontes Amorim , Fábio Ferreira Amorim

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Abstract

Background

Immunohematology tests are crucial in transfusion safety. This study aimed to assess irregular red blood cell (RBC) antibodies, abnormal hemoglobin and dangerous universal blood donors at a public blood center in a Brazilian metropolitan area.

Methods

A cross-sectional study included all consecutive blood donors from January 2018 to December 2021 at the Brasília Blood Center Foundation, Federal District (FD), Brazil.

Results

Among 205,965 blood donations, irregular RBC antibodies were found in 743 (0.4 %). Abnormal hemoglobin was observed in 5396 (2.6 %): 3959 (1.9 %) with Hb AS, 1344 (0.7 %) with Hb AC, and 93 (< 0,1 %) with other hemoglobin variants. Of O group donors, 12.5 % (9646) had hemolysins: 12.5 % (2410) both anti-A and anti-B, 8.7 % (9646) only anti-A, and 1.6 % (1763) only anti-B hemolysins. Female sex (p < 0.001) and increasing age (p < 0.001) were associated with irregular RBC antibodies. O and/or Rh(D)-positive blood groups had a lower prevalence of irregular RBC antibodies compared to other ABO and/or Rh(D)-negative groups. Age (p < 0.001) and female sex (p < 0.001) were associated with anti-A/anti-B hemolysins, while FD residency was associated with reduced incidence (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Anti-A/anti-B hemolysins in O group donors, abnormal hemoglobin and irregular RBC antibodies pose risks to transfusion practice and should not be overlooked. Advancing age, female sex, ABO blood group other than O, or Rh(D)- negative are independently associated with the presence of irregular RBC antibodies. Dangerous universal blood donors were associated with advanced age, female gender, Rh(D)-positive blood type, and individuals residing in a Brazilian state other than where the blood center was located.

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巴西大都会地区一家公共血液中心的不规则红细胞抗体、异常血红蛋白和危险的通用献血者见解。

背景：免疫血液学检测对输血安全至关重要。本研究旨在评估巴西大都会地区一家公共血液中心的不规则红细胞（RBC）抗体、异常血红蛋白和危险的全民献血者：一项横断面研究纳入了巴西联邦区巴西利亚血液中心基金会从2018年1月至2021年12月的所有连续献血者：在205965名献血者中，有743人（0.4%）发现了不规则的红细胞抗体。5396人（2.6%）血红蛋白异常：3959人（1.9%）的血红蛋白为AS型，1344人（0.7%）的血红蛋白为AC型，93人（结论：血红蛋白为AS型和AC型）的血红蛋白为B型：O 组献血者中的抗-A/抗-B 溶血素、异常血红蛋白和不规则红细胞抗体给输血实践带来风险，不容忽视。年龄增长、女性性别、ABO 血型非 O 型或 Rh(D)- 阴性与不规则红细胞抗体的存在有独立关联。危险的全民献血者与高龄、女性、Rh（D）阳性血型以及居住在血液中心所在地以外的巴西其他州有关。

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来源期刊

Transfusion and Apheresis Science 医学-血液学

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

5.30%

发文量

181

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Transfusion and Apheresis Science brings comprehensive and up-to-date information to physicians and health care professionals involved in the rapidly changing fields of transfusion medicine, hemostasis and apheresis. The journal presents original articles relating to scientific and clinical studies in the areas of immunohematology, transfusion practice, bleeding and thrombotic disorders and both therapeutic and donor apheresis including hematopoietic stem cells. Topics covered include the collection and processing of blood, compatibility testing and guidelines for the use of blood products, as well as screening for and transmission of blood-borne diseases. All areas of apheresis - therapeutic and collection - are also addressed. We would like to specifically encourage allied health professionals in this area to submit manuscripts that relate to improved patient and donor care, technical aspects and educational issues. Transfusion and Apheresis Science features a "Theme" section which includes, in each issue, a group of papers designed to review a specific topic of current importance in transfusion and hemostasis for the discussion of topical issues specific to apheresis and focuses on the operators'' viewpoint. Another section is "What''s Happening" which provides informal reporting of activities in the field. In addition, brief case reports and Letters to the Editor, as well as reviews of meetings and events of general interest, and a listing of recent patents make the journal a complete source of information for practitioners of transfusion, hemostasis and apheresis science. Immediate dissemination of important information is ensured by the commitment of Transfusion and Apheresis Science to rapid publication of both symposia and submitted papers.