Blood and local eosinophil levels in chronic rhinitis: Observations during seasonal allergen exposure and non-exposure

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q2 ALLERGY World Allergy Organization Journal Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100930

Xu Xu MSc , Jingyun Li MD, PhD , Xu Zhang MD , Lin Xi MD , Yunbo Gao MD , Xian Li MSc , Yuan Zhang MD, PhD , Luo Zhang MD, PhD

{"title":"Blood and local eosinophil levels in chronic rhinitis: Observations during seasonal allergen exposure and non-exposure","authors":"Xu Xu MSc , Jingyun Li MD, PhD , Xu Zhang MD , Lin Xi MD , Yunbo Gao MD , Xian Li MSc , Yuan Zhang MD, PhD , Luo Zhang MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100930","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a typical type 2 inflammatory disease and eosinophils play a critical role of cardinal effectors in type 2 inflammation. However, the distribution of eosinophils in patients with different subtypes of rhinitis and the effect of allergen exposure on them remain understudied. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and factors influencing the distribution of systemic and local eosinophils in patients with non-AR (NAR), perennial AR (PAR), and seasonal AR (SAR), as well as the effect of seasonal allergen exposure levels on eosinophils.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a population-based, cross-sectional observational study of consecutive chronic rhinitis (CR) outpatients who volunteered to participate in the survey during the spring pollen season and non-pollen season of 2023 in Beijing. All participants underwent serum allergen testing, blood routine examination, and nasal secretion smear cytology, and completed questionnaires mainly involving basic information, history review, and symptom assessment. Spring pollen dispersal concentration were considered.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 558 CR patients eligible for enrollment were collected, including 198 NAR, 204 PAR, and 156 SAR patients. PAR had the highest blood eosinophil levels and the most severe overall nasal and ocular symptoms of SAR. Compared with subjects with blood eosinophil counts <0.3 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L, those with ≥0.3 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L had significantly more severe nasal and ocular symptoms and a significantly higher rate of comorbid asthma and allergic conjunctivitis. Blood eosinophil levels were significantly higher in SAR patients during the pollen season compared to the non-pollen season, and pollen concentrations were positively correlated with systemic and local eosinophil levels.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Blood eosinophil levels varied in patients with different subtypes of rhinitis. Patients with high blood eosinophil levels had more severe overall nasal and ocular symptoms, and that blood eosinophils levels were significantly higher in patients with asthma or allergic conjunctivitis than patients without comorbidities. There was a positive trend between allergen exposure and systemic and local eosinophil levels. Further longitudinal cohort studies are still needed to better analyze the influence of eosinophil levels on the clinical traits of AR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000619/pdfft?md5=6171050fd62b93572db04a80c3466372&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000619-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"World Allergy Organization Journal","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000619","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ALLERGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a typical type 2 inflammatory disease and eosinophils play a critical role of cardinal effectors in type 2 inflammation. However, the distribution of eosinophils in patients with different subtypes of rhinitis and the effect of allergen exposure on them remain understudied. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and factors influencing the distribution of systemic and local eosinophils in patients with non-AR (NAR), perennial AR (PAR), and seasonal AR (SAR), as well as the effect of seasonal allergen exposure levels on eosinophils.

Methods

This was a population-based, cross-sectional observational study of consecutive chronic rhinitis (CR) outpatients who volunteered to participate in the survey during the spring pollen season and non-pollen season of 2023 in Beijing. All participants underwent serum allergen testing, blood routine examination, and nasal secretion smear cytology, and completed questionnaires mainly involving basic information, history review, and symptom assessment. Spring pollen dispersal concentration were considered.

Results

A total of 558 CR patients eligible for enrollment were collected, including 198 NAR, 204 PAR, and 156 SAR patients. PAR had the highest blood eosinophil levels and the most severe overall nasal and ocular symptoms of SAR. Compared with subjects with blood eosinophil counts <0.3 × 10⁹/L, those with ≥0.3 × 10⁹/L had significantly more severe nasal and ocular symptoms and a significantly higher rate of comorbid asthma and allergic conjunctivitis. Blood eosinophil levels were significantly higher in SAR patients during the pollen season compared to the non-pollen season, and pollen concentrations were positively correlated with systemic and local eosinophil levels.

Conclusions

Blood eosinophil levels varied in patients with different subtypes of rhinitis. Patients with high blood eosinophil levels had more severe overall nasal and ocular symptoms, and that blood eosinophils levels were significantly higher in patients with asthma or allergic conjunctivitis than patients without comorbidities. There was a positive trend between allergen exposure and systemic and local eosinophil levels. Further longitudinal cohort studies are still needed to better analyze the influence of eosinophil levels on the clinical traits of AR.

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

慢性鼻炎患者的血液和局部嗜酸性粒细胞水平：季节性接触和不接触过敏原期间的观察结果

背景过敏性鼻炎（AR）是一种典型的2型炎症性疾病，而嗜酸性粒细胞在2型炎症中扮演着重要的效应因子角色。然而，嗜酸性粒细胞在不同亚型鼻炎患者中的分布以及过敏原暴露对其的影响仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在探讨非鼻炎型（NAR）、常年性鼻炎型（PAR）和季节性鼻炎型（SAR）患者全身和局部嗜酸性粒细胞分布的特点和影响因素，以及季节性过敏原暴露水平对嗜酸性粒细胞的影响。所有参与者均接受了血清过敏原检测、血常规检查和鼻分泌物涂片细胞学检查，并填写了以基本信息、病史回顾和症状评估为主要内容的调查问卷。结果共收集了 558 名符合入组条件的 CR 患者，包括 198 名 NAR 患者、204 名 PAR 患者和 156 名 SAR 患者。PAR患者的血液中嗜酸性粒细胞水平最高，SAR患者的鼻部和眼部症状最严重。与血液中嗜酸性粒细胞计数为 0.3 × 109/L 的受试者相比，血液中嗜酸性粒细胞计数≥0.3 × 109/L 的受试者的鼻部和眼部症状明显更严重，合并哮喘和过敏性结膜炎的比例也明显更高。花粉季节与非花粉季节相比，SAR 患者的血液嗜酸性粒细胞水平明显更高，花粉浓度与全身和局部嗜酸性粒细胞水平呈正相关。血液中嗜酸性粒细胞水平高的患者整体鼻部和眼部症状更严重，哮喘或过敏性结膜炎患者的血液中嗜酸性粒细胞水平明显高于无合并症的患者。过敏原暴露与全身和局部嗜酸性粒细胞水平之间呈正相关趋势。仍需进一步开展纵向队列研究，以更好地分析嗜酸性粒细胞水平对 AR 临床特征的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

World Allergy Organization Journal Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

9 weeks

期刊介绍： The official pubication of the World Allergy Organization, the World Allergy Organization Journal (WAOjournal) publishes original mechanistic, translational, and clinical research on the topics of allergy, asthma, anaphylaxis, and clincial immunology, as well as reviews, guidelines, and position papers that contribute to the improvement of patient care. WAOjournal publishes research on the growth of allergy prevalence within the scope of single countries, country comparisons, and practical global issues and regulations, or threats to the allergy specialty. The Journal invites the submissions of all authors interested in publishing on current global problems in allergy, asthma, anaphylaxis, and immunology. Of particular interest are the immunological consequences of climate change and the subsequent systematic transformations in food habits and their consequences for the allergy/immunology discipline.