Removal of mercury from soil by photochemical vapor generation with dielectric barrier discharge trap

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Soils and Sediments Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI:10.1007/s11368-024-03851-5

Yue Luo, Wenchao Huang, Fujian Xu, Xinfeng Zhang, Shentao Yang, Jin Luo

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Abstract

Purpose

Most forms of Mercury (Hg) in soil have significant destructive effect on ecosystems and food safety because of enormous toxicity. The existing treatment methods have drawbacks such as high energy consumption, complex operation, long remediation cycle, and secondary pollution. Therefore, this study aims to develop a governance method with low energy consumption, simple operation, short execution cycle, and no secondary pollution.

Methods

A new system was set up to remove leachable Hg²⁺ from soil and its performance was evaluated. The system consisted of photochemical vapor generator (PVG, for Hg²⁺ removal), dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) trapping reactor (for collection of removed Hg⁰). In the presence of organic acids, leachable Hg²⁺ was converted to gaseous Hg⁰ by UV irradiation in the PVG, and transported to the DBD trap by air for collection of the removed Hg²⁺. Soil samples in PVG were taken into glass tubes at specific time and then added aqua regia, analyzed using ICP-MS after digested in a boiling water bath. The performance of DBD trap was analyzed by connecting with ICP-MS.

Results

This study achieved the removal of leachable Hg²⁺ from soil under the UV excitation, the subsequent conversion of escaped gaseous Hg⁰ to solid and enrichment in DBD trap. The factors affecting the efficiencies of photochemical reaction, transport and collection were carefully investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 2.00 mg L⁻¹ leachable Hg²⁺ in soil reached 95.0% within 1 h. Even in the presence of 15 interfering ions separately containing 50 mg L⁻¹, good remediation effects can still be achieved. The capture rate of gaseous Hg⁰ by DBD trap is close to 100%. The system can achieve Hg pollution control in 10 types of soil, demonstrating great promotion value.

Conclusions

This system utilizes PVG theory and DBD low-temperature plasma device to construct a safe, green, simple, and inexpensive method for removing leachable Hg²⁺ from soil.

Graphical Abstract

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利用介质阻挡放电阱通过光化学蒸汽发生去除土壤中的汞

目的土壤中大多数形式的汞（Hg）因其巨大的毒性而对生态系统和食品安全造成严重破坏。现有的治理方法存在能耗高、操作复杂、修复周期长、二次污染等缺点。因此，本研究旨在开发一种能耗低、操作简单、实施周期短、无二次污染的治理方法。该系统由光化学蒸汽发生器（PVG，用于去除 Hg2+）、介质阻挡放电（DBD）捕集反应器（用于收集去除的 Hg0）组成。在有机酸存在的情况下，可浸出的 Hg2+ 在 PVG 中通过紫外线照射转化为气态 Hg0，并通过空气输送到 DBD 捕集器收集去除的 Hg2+。在特定时间将 PVG 中的土壤样品放入玻璃管中，然后加入王水，在沸水浴中消化后使用 ICP-MS 进行分析。该研究实现了在紫外光激发下去除土壤中的可浸出 Hg2+，随后将逸散的气态 Hg0 转化为固态并富集到 DBD 捕集器中。对影响光化学反应、迁移和收集效率的因素进行了仔细研究。在优化条件下，土壤中 2.00 mg L-1 可浸出的 Hg2+ 在 1 h 内的去除率达到 95.0%，即使在分别含有 50 mg L-1 的 15 种干扰离子的情况下，仍能达到良好的修复效果。DBD 捕集器对气态 Hg0 的捕集率接近 100%。结论本系统利用 PVG 理论和 DBD 低温等离子体装置，构建了一种安全、绿色、简单、廉价的去除土壤中可浸出 Hg2+ 的方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Soils and Sediments 环境科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

5.60%

发文量

256

审稿时长

3.5 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Soils and Sediments (JSS) is devoted to soils and sediments; it deals with contaminated, intact and disturbed soils and sediments. JSS explores both the common aspects and the differences between these two environmental compartments. Inter-linkages at the catchment scale and with the Earth’s system (inter-compartment) are an important topic in JSS. The range of research coverage includes the effects of disturbances and contamination; research, strategies and technologies for prediction, prevention, and protection; identification and characterization; treatment, remediation and reuse; risk assessment and management; creation and implementation of quality standards; international regulation and legislation.